Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 in England and Wales: A Major Vaccine Evader

Groves, Natalie; Sheppard, Carmen; Litt, David; Rose, Samuel; Silva, Ana; Njoku, Nina; Rodrigues, Sirlene Souza; Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin; Andrews, Nicholas; Ladhani, Shamez; Fry, Norman K.

doi:10.3390/genes10110845

Cited by 61 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…variability and basis for selection within serotype 3 regarding its complementary virulence determinants becomes an important goal (Azarian et al, 2018;Groves et al, 2019). A new approach seems to be necessary in order to prevent serotype 3 disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in each of these genes has been shown to impact pneumococcal virulence in a variety of experimental conditions (Camara et al, 1994;Enright et al, 2001;Ren et al, 2003;Shivshankar et al, 2009;Sanchez et al, 2010;Georgieva et al, 2018;Azarian et al, 2018;Gladstone et al, 2019;Lo et al, 2019;Sheppard et al, 2019;Gladstone et al, 2020). Several variations in genes responsible for increased drug resistance, such as Tet32, were also observed within clades Ib and II, but not within Ia isolates (Azarian et al, 2018;Groves et al, 2019). Azarian et al hypothesized that these and other untested loci gave clade II the necessary competitive advantage to overtake clade Ia, though this has yet to be tested.…”

Section: Population Genomics Of S Pneumoniae and Serotype 3 Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though serotype 3 is included in the both the 13- and 23-valent vaccines against Spn , it remains a major causes of serious human disease ( Harboe et al., 2009 ; van Hoek et al., 2012 ; Grabenstein and Musey, 2014 ; World Health Organization, 2020 ). Notably, rates of disease attributable to serotype 3 have not declined since inclusion of serotype 3 in PCV13 ( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015 ; Slotved et al., 2016 ; Katoh et al., 2017 ; Ladhani et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ; Wijayasri et al., 2019 ; Goettler et al., 2020 ). Serotype 3 disease often has severe clinical manifestations: most commonly bacteremia-induced septic shock, meningitis, and pneumonia ( Harboe et al., 2009 ; Silva-Costa et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serotype 3 has been the focus of recent genome-based studies that used GPSCs as the foundation (at least in part) and focused on the epidemiology and evolution of serotype 3 isolates in the US ( Azarian et al., 2018 ), as well their prevalence in Spn carriage and in PCV13 evasion in the UK ( Groves et al., 2019 ; Sheppard et al., 2019 ). In particular, CC180, an S. pneumoniae clone also known as Netherlands 3 -31 or PMEN31, is the major complex of serotype 3, containing a majority of clinical isolates and laboratory strains that have been sequenced and analyzed to date ( Azarian et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ). CC180, which is included in GPS lineage GPSC12, can be divided into 3 clades: clade I, which contains subclades Iα and Iβ, and clade II ( Azarian et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, CC180, an S. pneumoniae clone also known as Netherlands 3 -31 or PMEN31, is the major complex of serotype 3, containing a majority of clinical isolates and laboratory strains that have been sequenced and analyzed to date ( Azarian et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ). CC180, which is included in GPS lineage GPSC12, can be divided into 3 clades: clade I, which contains subclades Iα and Iβ, and clade II ( Azarian et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ). When the prevalence of isolates from each clade was investigated over a set timeframe, incidences of Iβ remained relatively unchanged while a switch in preference was observed between clades Iα and II ( Azarian et al., 2018 ; Groves et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

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Sugar-Coated Killer: Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Disease

Luck

Tettelin

Orihuela

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Capsular polysaccharide (CPS), which surrounds the bacteria, is one of the most significant and multifaceted contributors to Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence. Capsule prevents entrapment in mucus during colonization, traps water to protect against desiccation, can serve as an energy reserve, and protects the bacterium against complement-mediated opsonization and immune cell phagocytosis. To date, 100 biochemically and serologically distinct capsule types have been identified for S. pneumoniae; 20 to 30 of which have well-defined propensity to cause opportunistic human infection. Among these, serotype 3 is perhaps the most problematic as serotype 3 infections are characterized as having severe clinical manifestations including empyema, bacteremia, cardiotoxicity, and meningitis; consequently, with a fatality rate of 30%–47%. Moreover, serotype 3 resists antibody-mediated clearance despite its inclusion in the current 13-valent conjugate vaccine formulation. This review covers the role of capsule in pneumococcal pathogenesis and the importance of serotype 3 on human disease. We discuss how serotype 3 capsule synthesis and presentation on the bacterial surface is distinct from other serotypes, the biochemical and physiological properties of this capsule type that facilitate its ability to cause disease, and why existing vaccines are unable to confer protection. We conclude with discussion of the clonal properties of serotype 3 and how these have changed since introduction of the 13-valent vaccine in 2000.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Population Genomics Of S Pneumoniae and Serotype 3 Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Capsulementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Sugar-Coated Killer: Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Disease

Luck

Tettelin

Orihuela

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Strengths and weaknesses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

et al. 2023

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Multivalent vaccines addressing an increasing number of Streptococcus pneumoniae types (7-, 10-, 13-, 15-, 20-valent) have been licensed over the last 22 years. The use of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines has been pivotal in reducing the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease despite the emergence of non-vaccine serotypes. Notwithstanding its undoubtable success, some weaknesses have called for continuous improvement of pneumococcal vaccination. For instance, despite their inclusion in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, there are challenges associated with some serotypes. In particular, Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 remains a major cause of invasive pneumococcal disease in several countries.Here a deep revision of the strengths and weaknesses of the licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and other vaccine candidates currently in clinical development is reported.

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Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Impact on Serotype 3: A Review of Surveillance Data

et al. 2021

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Introduction Limited changes in serotype 3 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence rates after a decade of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction into several national immunization programs (NIP) have raised questions about PCV13's effectiveness against this serotype. Methods We analyzed the impact of pediatric PCV programs on serotype 3 IPD with two approaches. First, we reviewed the publicly available surveillance data from countries identified in two recently published reviews to describe the population impact of pediatric PCV13 or PCV10 vaccination programs on serotype 3 IPD. We then compared the observed trends in PCV10 and PCV13 countries to a previously described dynamic transmission model that simulates the spread of pneumococcal carriage and development of IPD in a population over time. Results When serotype 3 disease rates are compared from countries that have introduced either a 10-valent (PCV10) vaccine that does not contain serotype 3 in its formulation or PCV13 in their pediatric NIP, over time, serotype 3 incidence rate trends are markedly different. Countries with a PCV10 NIP showed a substantial linear increase in serotype 3 pneumococcal disease among all age groups since the time of PCV10 introduction, whereas countries with a PCV13 NIP experienced a modest decline during the 3–4 years after vaccine introduction followed by an inflection upward in subsequent years. Conclusion These data suggest that PCV13 provides a certain degree of direct and indirect protection against serotype 3 at the population level and direct adult vaccination with a serotype 3-containing vaccine is likely to provide substantial benefit in the context of a pediatric PCV NIP. Further research around serotype 3 transmission patterns and epidemiology is nonetheless warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00406-w.

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Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 in England and Wales: A Major Vaccine Evader

Cited by 61 publications

References 32 publications

Sugar-Coated Killer: Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Disease

Sugar-Coated Killer: Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Disease

Strengths and weaknesses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Impact on Serotype 3: A Review of Surveillance Data

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