Evolution of strain and strain rate values throughout gestation in healthy fetuses

Adell, Marcos Clavero; Ayerza-Casas, Ariadna; Montañés, Lorenzo Jiménez; Arias, Daniel Palanca; Ramón, Marta López; Nalvaiz, José-Tomás Alcalá; Villagrasa, Pilar Samper

doi:10.1007/s10554-019-01695-6

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, this study is only relevant as a surrogate control for the most preterm IUGR infants in our cohort, given that the mean GA at birth among our IUGR infants was 36.4 weeks. A cross-sectional study determined LVLS among fetuses in utero, showing only a minor increase during the last trimester [ 23 ]. However, this information becomes less relevant in the current context due to important changes in hemodynamics and left ventricular function that occur at birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Differences in Left Ventricular Strain in IUGR vs. Control Children the First Three Months of Life

et al. 2022

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Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may directly affect cardiovascular function in early life. Longitudinal data on left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVLS), a key measure of cardiac function independent of body size, is not available. We hypothesize impaired cardiac function among IUGR newborns and persistence of the impairment until age 3 months. Method This is a prospective cohort study of consecutive pregnancies where IUGR was identified at 18–38 weeks gestational age (GA) with healthy controls randomly selected at 18–20 weeks GA. Echocardiograms were performed at birth and at age 3–4 months, and then compared. Results At birth, mean (SD) LVLS did not differ between the IUGR group [N = 19; − 15.76 (3.12) %] and controls [N = 35; − 15.53 (3.56) %]. The IUGR group demonstrated no significant change in LVLS at age 3–4 months [− 17.80 (3.82) %], while the control group [− 20.91 (3.31) %] showed a significant increase (P < 0.001). Thus, LVLS was lower in the IUGR group at age 3–4 months (P = 0.003). Conclusion The lack of increase in LVLS may suggest that IUGR has a direct impact on cardiac function as early as during the first months of life. Trial registration Clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT02583763, registration October 22, 2015. Retrospectively registered September 2014–October 2015, thereafter, registered prospectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In normal pregnancy, fetal LVLS does not change significantly with gestational age (GA) [ 23 ]. Systematic meta-analysis of left ventricular strain based on aggregated cross-sectional data has established reference ranges for newborns [ 24 ] and for children and adolescents [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Differences in Left Ventricular Strain in IUGR vs. Control Children the First Three Months of Life

et al. 2022

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“…This may be explained in part by the differences of gestational age, frame rate and angle of insonation. Clavero et al [16] searched the studies measuring GLS and strain rate from inception to October 2019 and summarized that the left and right ventricular strain and strain rate could increase, decrease or remain stable during gestation and values between various studies were not comparable because of different ultrasound systems and algorithms. Semmler et al [17] reported that angle of insonation and frame rate had in uences on GLS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of fetal cardiac function in maternal gestational diabetes mellitus by speckle tracking echocardiography

Huang

Deng

Feng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to assess the cardiac function in fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by using fetalHQ, a quantitative analysis software for the assessment of fetal cardiac function based on speckle tracking echocardiography. In this prospective cross-sectional study, 49 fetuses exposed to GDM and 50 normal fetuses were enrolled and fetal echocardiography were performed and analyzed. In the GDM group, left ventricular (24 ± 4 vs. 28 ± 4, p < 0.001) and right ventricular global longitudinal strain (23 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 4, p = 0.002) and right ventricular free wall strain (26 ± 6 vs. 29 ± 5, p = 0.006) were significantly lower compared with the control group, whereas there was no significant difference in global spherical index (1.2 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.1, p = 0.425). Additionally, 24-segment transverse fraction shortening of the right ventricle was more impaired than the left and the segments with reduced fraction shortening were mainly located in the mid and apical sections of the right ventricle, and mid section of the left ventricle. In conclusion, fetuses exposed to GDM may have cardiac dysfunction before the onset of cardiac morphologic abnormalities, and the right ventricle is more vulnerable than the left during fetal development.

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“…Uniaxial/biaxial tensile testing [30] Optical coherence tomography [31,32] Invasive/noninvasive residual stress experiments [33] Epifluorescence/fluoroscopy [34] In vivo pressurization [35] Microscopy [34,36] Optical stretching and optical tweezers [37] Magnetic resonance imaging [18] Finite element modeling (FEM) [3] Echocardiograph [38,39] Cantilever based technologies [29] Confocal/two-photon microscopy [19] Strain energy and Gasser-Ogden-Holzapfel models [40] Scanning electron microscopy [41,42] Cuts [43] Histology [44] Micropipette aspiration with servo-null pressure measurements [45] Digital camera…”

Section: Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The globally averaged longitudinal strain rate is 3.12 and 3.37 for RV and LV, respectively. A linear relationship can be developed between the gestational age and maximum strain [38].…”

Section: Human Embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft-Tissue Material Properties and Mechanogenetics during Cardiovascular Development

Siddiqui

Dogru

Lashkarinia

et al. 2022

JCDD

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During embryonic development, changes in the cardiovascular microstructure and material properties are essential for an integrated biomechanical understanding. This knowledge also enables realistic predictive computational tools, specifically targeting the formation of congenital heart defects. Material characterization of cardiovascular embryonic tissue at consequent embryonic stages is critical to understand growth, remodeling, and hemodynamic functions. Two biomechanical loading modes, which are wall shear stress and blood pressure, are associated with distinct molecular pathways and govern vascular morphology through microstructural remodeling. Dynamic embryonic tissues have complex signaling networks integrated with mechanical factors such as stress, strain, and stiffness. While the multiscale interplay between the mechanical loading modes and microstructural changes has been studied in animal models, mechanical characterization of early embryonic cardiovascular tissue is challenging due to the miniature sample sizes and active/passive vascular components. Accordingly, this comparative review focuses on the embryonic material characterization of developing cardiovascular systems and attempts to classify it for different species and embryonic timepoints. Key cardiovascular components including the great vessels, ventricles, heart valves, and the umbilical cord arteries are covered. A state-of-the-art review of experimental techniques for embryonic material characterization is provided along with the two novel methods developed to measure the residual and von Mises stress distributions in avian embryonic vessels noninvasively, for the first time in the literature. As attempted in this review, the compilation of embryonic mechanical properties will also contribute to our understanding of the mature cardiovascular system and possibly lead to new microstructural and genetic interventions to correct abnormal development.

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Evolution of strain and strain rate values throughout gestation in healthy fetuses

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Developmental Differences in Left Ventricular Strain in IUGR vs. Control Children the First Three Months of Life

Developmental Differences in Left Ventricular Strain in IUGR vs. Control Children the First Three Months of Life

Evaluation of fetal cardiac function in maternal gestational diabetes mellitus by speckle tracking echocardiography

Soft-Tissue Material Properties and Mechanogenetics during Cardiovascular Development

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