Evolution of pyrite oxidation from a 10-year kinetic leach study: Implications for secondary mineralisation in acid mine drainage control

Fan, Rong; Qian, Gujie; Li, Yubiao; Short, Michael D.; Schumann, Russell C.; Miao, Chen; Smart, Roger St. C.; Gerson, Andrea R.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120653

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Their spatial and temporal relationships correspond to iron secondary mineralization processes (Figure 2), due to the fact that they are product of different pyrite weathering oxidation processes. In Figure 11, it can be seen how pyrite has been transformed into goethite and jarosite, as their surface extension increased after the DANA, similar to that shown in Fan et al (2022) and Pan et al (2022) in other areas. Especially, jarosite is not found in the pre‐DANA scenario, as it is a metastable mineral that rapidly transforms into haematite or goethite, as shown in Fan et al (2022) and Pan et al (2022).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In Figure 11, it can be seen how pyrite has been transformed into goethite and jarosite, as their surface extension increased after the DANA, similar to that shown in Fan et al (2022) and Pan et al (2022) in other areas. Especially, jarosite is not found in the pre‐DANA scenario, as it is a metastable mineral that rapidly transforms into haematite or goethite, as shown in Fan et al (2022) and Pan et al (2022). Both goethite and jarosite are found in areas with greater waterlogging accumulation also appearing when redox conditions are alternated and, therefore, after oxidation and hydrolysis reactions mineral precipitation takes place (Byrne et al, 2012; Fan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…It was possible to characterise two different processes, that appeared spectrally different. On the one hand, hydroxyl‐bearing minerals are found in grassland and scrubland areas, where water is accumulated, favouring hydrolysis reactions and, therefore, their precipitation in a following dry period (Byrne et al, 2012; Fan et al, 2022). These minerals are predominant in the sediments, as they occupied a bigger extension both in the pre‐ and post‐DANA scenario (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both goethite and jarosite are found in areas with greater waterlogging accumulation also appearing when redox conditions are alternated and, therefore, after oxidation and hydrolysis reactions mineral precipitation takes place (Byrne et al, 2012; Fan et al, 2022). Also, it is noticeable that the presence of jarosite is most likely indicating the generation of Acid Mining Drainages (AMD), as an extremely acid pH (<3) environment is needed for its precipitation (Fan et al, 2022; Shi et al, 2015). So, it is supposed that on the surface formation, the runoff water pH is lower due to the free ferric phases acting as sulphides oxidizers, and silicate acid hydrolysis allowing latter formation of jarosite (Creeper et al, 2012; Grealish & Fitzpatrick, 2013; Shi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, jarosite is not found in the pre-DANA scenario, as it is a metastable mineral that rapidly transforms into haematite or goethite, as shown in Fan et al (2022) and Pan et al (2022). Both goethite and jarosite are found in areas with greater waterlogging accumulation also appearing when redox conditions are alternated and, therefore, after oxidation and hydrolysis reactions mineral precipitation takes place (Byrne et al, 2012;Fan et al, 2022). Also, it is noticeable that the presence of jarosite is most likely indicating the generation of Acid Mining Drainages (AMD), as an extremely acid pH (<3) environment is needed for its precipitation (Fan et al, 2022;Shi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Distribution Of Hydroxyl-bearing Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring sedimentary areas from mine waste products with Sentinel‐2 satellite images: A case study in theSEof Spain

Pereira

Alcalde-Aparicio

Ferrer-Juliá

et al. 2023

European J Soil Science

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Torrential rainfall regimes, among others, are the origin of accelerated soil erosion. The Spanish southeastern Mediterranean region is characterised by an arid climate regime affected by extreme erosion episodes with an important loss of sediments. Soil erosion effects are even more noticeable in areas where soil has been anthropically degraded, as in the mining district of Sierra Minera de Cartagena. The present research focuses on monitoring and mapping the changes in the sediment distribution of iron oxides and hydroxyl (OH−) bearing minerals caused by a cold drop known in Spanish as 'DANA' in September 2019 on the Rambla del Beal. This short rambla is fed by sediments from its drainage basin and by mining residues, irrigating a wide agricultural area. When discharges overflow the rambla channel, residues spread over its floodplain and reach the ecological protected coastal lagoon Mar Menor. The objective of the study was mapping the mineral distribution of the mining materials eroded from the source areas and sedimented in Rambla del Beal during a DANA. The study was carried out using a pre‐ and a post‐DANA image from the Sentinel‐2 satellite. After masking vegetation, urban areas and water bodies, different band ratios (B4/B3, B11/B12, B8A/B6) and a Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classification were applied. Sediment deposits were identified in wider areas after the DANA. Iron oxides increased their extension by 11.08% in the central area (B3/B4 with R2 of 0.84) and hydroxyl‐bearing minerals increased by 8.95% in the Rambla del Beal's headwaters (B11/B12 with R2 of 0.71). The SAM classification (with a 0.1 rad threshold and an overall accuracy of 87.33%) allowed the differentiation and classification of two ferric iron oxides (haematite and goethite) and one iron hydrous sulphate mineral (jarosite). Additionally, band ratio images were spatially overlaid with the soil land uses map layer of the cadastre in order to plot the land uses most affected by the transported sediments during the DANA. These results highlighted agricultural land as the areas (land uses) most affected by iron oxides deposition, as oxidation processes occur more rapidly in these areas. However, grassland and scrubland were the areas with the highest content of hydroxyl‐bearing minerals, as water is accumulated in these places, which favours hydrolysis reactions. Highlights Torrential events can relocate large volumes of contaminated sediments from former mining areas. Sentinel‐2 allows monitoring mine waste iron‐sulphate changes caused by weathering alteration. Spatial mineralogical pattern in sediments is controlled by geomorphology and flood dynamics. The proposed digital image analysis allows mapping short‐term evolution of mine waste sediments.

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