Evolution of Phenolic Formaldehyde Based Hybrid Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash

Kumar, Jangili Nithin; Malkapuram, Devaiah; Katiyar, Jitendra Kumar

doi:10.4271/2021-01-0358

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Graphite (Gweon et al , 2016) was used as the lubricant. Substances such as fly ash (Kumar et al , 2021) and calcium carbonate (Ikpambese et al , 2016) were used as fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction and wear characteristics of brake friction materials obtained from fiber and huntite blends

Yavuz

Bayrakçeken

2022

ILT

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Purpose The purpose of this paper, brake friction material samples with six different contents were produced using three different fiber types consisting of variable proportions of huntite mineral and basalt, glass and steel fibers. The friction properties and formation of the transfer film in these friction materials were investigated. Design/methodology/approach Friction materials were produced using a hot molding method from materials containing 10%–15% huntite in varying proportions, consisting of basalt, glass and steel fibers. The densities and hardness values of the samples were measured. Friction tests were performed using a brake pad friction material tester to determine tribological properties. After the friction tests, microscopic examination of the sample surfaces was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and three-dimensional (3D) surface profilometer devices. Findings Huntite mineral content and fiber type affected the friction coefficient. With an increase in the amount of huntite, the friction coefficient increased in the friction material samples formed with glass and steel fibers. The fiber type and amount of huntite also affected the transfer film formation. The surface roughness values of all the friction materials decreased with an increase in the amount of huntite. The surface roughness values of the samples with glass fibers were higher than those of other samples. Originality/value The importance of using huntite minerals and different fiber types in automotive brake friction materials is emphasized. This will help industrial companies and academics study the tribological properties of friction materials.

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“…Graphite (Gweon et al , 2016) was used as the lubricant. Substances such as fly ash (Kumar et al , 2021) and calcium carbonate (Ikpambese et al , 2016) were used as fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction and wear characteristics of brake friction materials obtained from fiber and huntite blends

Yavuz

Bayrakçeken

2022

ILT

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“…There are nine different materials in the formulation, including boric acid. While determining the formulation, materials with positive results in terms of improving friction properties in previous studies (Singh et al , 2021; Kumar et al , 2021; Katiyar et al , 2019) were taken into consideration. Preliminary studies had carried out for the material ratios in the content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of boric acid added brake friction composite and the effect of heat treatment on braking characterization

Sugözü

Öner²,

Mutlu³

et al. 2022

ILT

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of boric acid as a friction modifier material in brake friction composites and to determine the effect of heat treatment applied during production on braking performance. Design/methodology/approach The addition of five different amounts of boric acid was balanced with cashew, which is in the friction modifier material group. The samples were produced in the following order: dry mixing, preforming and hot-pressing. The effect of the heat treatment that can be applied after the hot-pressing process on the braking performance was investigated. The tribological and physical properties of the samples were determined using tests performed according to appropriate standards. The microstructures of the friction surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Findings It was observed that the tribological properties of brake friction composites containing 20% by weight of boric acid were improved. It has also been observed that the heat treatment applied after hot pressing increased the friction coefficient of the samples by 7% on average and decreased the specific wear ratio of the samples. When the surface morphologies of the samples are examined, it is seen that the friction layers of the heat-treated samples are wider, and the microvoids and cracks are reduced. Originality/value This study showed that boric acid can be used as a friction modifier in brake friction composites. It also revealed the tribological and physical contribution of the applied heat treatment to the composite. Thus, it guides brake friction composite manufacturers in the industry and researchers working in this field.

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“…Fillers with low friction resistance that are used to effectively reduce the friction coefficient of materials are soft metals (e.g., lead [15], copper, nickel [16]), soft polymers (e.g., polyamide [17], PTFE [18]), graphite [19,20], molybdenum disulfide [21,22], and others [23]. The most commonly used polymer materials for the production of sliding materials are polyamides [24], PTFE [25], polyamide imides [26], polyimides [27], polyethylenes [28,29], PEEK [30] phenol-formaldehyde resins [31,32], and epoxy resins [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Properties of Composites Based on Single-Component Powdered Epoxy Matrix Filled with Graphite

Smoleń,

Stępień,

Mikuśkiewicz

et al. 2024

Materials

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Composites based on powdered single-component epoxy matrix are an alternative technological solution for composites produced using liquid epoxy resins. This article describes in detail the process of producing graphite-reinforced composites for tribological applications. The advantages and disadvantages of technological processes where the matrix is a single-component epoxy powder were demonstrated, and the properties of the obtained materials were examined. A series of composite materials with the graphite filler with sizes below 10 μm and below 45 μm and weight additions of 5, 10, 20, 30% were produced. Mechanical tests and tribological tests conducted with the pin-on-block method were performed, and the mechanism of tribological wear was described. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that the incorporation of graphite, regardless of particle size, above 10% by weight results in a significant reduction in the friction coefficient (approximately 40–50% lower than in unfilled epoxy resin), which is beneficial in the production of cheap self-lubricating materials.

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Evolution of Phenolic Formaldehyde Based Hybrid Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Friction and wear characteristics of brake friction materials obtained from fiber and huntite blends

Friction and wear characteristics of brake friction materials obtained from fiber and huntite blends

Production of boric acid added brake friction composite and the effect of heat treatment on braking characterization

Tribological Properties of Composites Based on Single-Component Powdered Epoxy Matrix Filled with Graphite

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