Evolution of pesticide tolerance and associated changes in the microbiome in the water flea Daphnia magna

Janssens, Lizanne; Maele, Marlies Van de; Delnat, Vienna; Theys, Charlotte; Mukherjee, Shinjini; Meester, Luc De; Stoks, Robby

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113697

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…However, other possible causes of chemical tolerance must be considered. The altered bacterial composition in D. magna exposed to chlorpyrifos (organophosphate) was related to its sensitivity to the same chemical (Janssens et al 2022); the authors suggested that the bacteria in D. magna may possess enzymes that can transform or degrade xenobiotics. Considering these ndings, our study was limited to checking whether pirimicarb tolerance was induced by changes in bacterial enzymes or physiological changes in Daphnia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased extinction probability and altered physiological characteristics in carbamate tolerant Daphnia magna

Ishimota,

Kodama,

Tomiyama

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We evaluated the physiological characteristics of chemical-tolerant cladocerans. Over the course of 26 generations (F25), D. magna was continuously exposed to pirimicarb (carbamate) solutions (0, 3.8, 7.5, and 15 µg/L) in sub-lethal or lethal levels. The 48 h EC50 values (29.2–29.9 µg/L) for 7.5 and 15 µg/L exposure groups were found to be two times higher than that in the control (17.2 µg/L). Subsequently, we investigated whether the extinction probability changed when the chemical-tolerant daphnids were fed two different types of food, Chlorella vulgaris and Synechococcus leopoliensis. Furthermore, we ascertained how chemical tolerance influences respiration and depuration rates. The 48 h EC50 value was positively related to the extinction probability when the daphnids were fed S. leopoliensis. Because the measured lipid content of S. leopoliensis was three times lower than that of C. vulgaris, the tolerant daphnids struggled under nutrient-poor conditions. Respiration rates across all pirimicarb treatment groups were higher than those in the control group, suggesting that respiration efficiency may decrease in tolerant clones. Since the pirimicarb depuration rate for 7.5 µg/L exposure groups was higher than that in the control, the altered metabolic/excretion rate may be one factor for acquiring chemical tolerance. These altered physiological characteristics are crucial parameters for evaluating the mechanisms of chemical tolerance and associated fitness costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased extinction probability and altered physiological characteristics in carbamate tolerant Daphnia magna

Ishimota,

Kodama,

Tomiyama

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The raw reads of our 16S rRNA metabarcoding approach were processed based on Janssens et al ( 2022 ) with the QIIME2 pipeline v2022.2 (Bolyen et al 2019 ). First, the paired-end demultiplexed sequence reads were imported and their quality scores were assessed through MultiQC (Ewels et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-bacteriome transplants of the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata reflect species-specific associations

Schols,

Vanoverberghe,

Huyse

et al. 2023

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Microbial symbionts can affect host phenotypes and, thereby, ecosystem functioning. The microbiome is increasingly being recognized as an important player in the tripartite interaction between parasitic flatworms, snail intermediate hosts, and the snail microbiome. In order to better understand these interactions, transplant experiments are needed, which rely on the development of a reliable and reproducible protocol to obtain microbiome-disturbed snails. Here we report on the first successful snail bacteriome transplants, which indicate that Biomphalaria glabrata can accrue novel bacterial assemblies depending on the available environmental bacteria obtained from donor snails. Moreover, the phylogenetic relatedness of the donor host significantly affected recipients’ survival probability , corroborating the phylosymbiosis pattern in freshwater snails. The transplant technique described here, complemented by field-based studies, could facilitate future research endeavors to investigate the role of specific bacteria or bacterial communities in parasitic flatworm resistance of B. glabrata and might ultimately pave the way for microbiome-mediated control of snail-borne diseases.

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“…As a keystone species in standing freshwater bodies, Daphnia magna is a widespread crustacean across the Holarctic 21 . It has become a primary model to understand genetics in an environmental context 22,23 , by linking important ecological traits, such as resistance to environmental stressors [24][25][26][27] , to genomic regions. A powerful aspect of the Daphnia system is the possibility to breed animals both sexually and asexually (clonal), enabling researchers to separate genetic and non-genetic effects in common garden experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trehalose mediates salinity-stress tolerance in a crustacean

Santos,

Nick,

Adhitama

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Salinization poses an increasing problem worldwide, threatening freshwater organisms and raising questions about ability to adapt. We explore the mechanisms enabling a planktonic crustacean to tolerate elevated salinity. By gradually raising water salinity in clonal cultures from 185 Daphnia magna populations, we showed that salt tolerance strongly correlates with native habitat salinity, indicating local adaptation. A GWAS revealed a major effect of the Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene, suggesting that trehalose production facilitates salinity tolerance. We found a positive correlation between water salinity and trehalose concentrations in tolerant animals, while intolerant animals failed to produce trehalose. Using CRISPR/Cas9, a silenced TPS gene supported the role of trehalose under salt stress. Our study highlights how a keystone freshwater animal adapts to salinity stress using an evolutionarily conserved mechanism known in plants and bacteria, but not in metabolic-active animals.

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Evolution of pesticide tolerance and associated changes in the microbiome in the water flea Daphnia magna

Cited by 10 publications

References 71 publications

Increased extinction probability and altered physiological characteristics in carbamate tolerant Daphnia magna

Increased extinction probability and altered physiological characteristics in carbamate tolerant Daphnia magna

Host-bacteriome transplants of the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata reflect species-specific associations

Trehalose mediates salinity-stress tolerance in a crustacean

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