Evolution of permeability during the process of shale gas extraction

Cui, Guanglei; Liu, Jishan; Wei, Mingyao; Feng, Xia‐Ting; Elsworth, Derek

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2017.10.018

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, DRM can be a potential process for the improvement of biogas composed largely by CO 2 and CH 4 [6,7]. The utilization of fossil fuels generates greenhouse gases, which contribute significantly to climate change and cause global warming [8][9][10]. The methane gas constitutes more than 80% of natural gas, and therefore, its conversion plays a vital role in the future energy supply, since it produces energy carriers such as carbonyl and dimethyl ether.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Reforming of Methane Using Ce-modified Ni Supported on 8%PO4 + ZrO2 Catalysts

et al. 2020

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Dry reforming of methane (DRM) was studied in the light of Ni supported on 8%PO 4 + ZrO 2 catalysts. Cerium was used to modify the Ni active metal. Different percentage loadings of Ce (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, and 5%) were tested. The wet incipient impregnation method was used for the preparation of all catalysts. The catalysts were activated at 700 • C for 1 2 h. The reactions were performed at 800 • C using a gas hourly space velocity of 28,000 mL (h·gcat) −1 . X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 physisorption, hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H 2 -TPR), temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used for characterizing the catalysts. The TGA analysis depicted minor amounts of carbon deposition. The CO 2 -TPD results showed that Ce enhanced the basicity of the catalysts. The 3% Ce loading possessed the highest surface area, the largest pore volume, and the greatest pore diameter. All the promoted catalysts enhanced the conversions of CH 4 and CO 2 . Among the promoted catalysts tested, the 10Ni + 3%Ce/8%PO 4 + ZrO 2 catalyst system operated at 1 bar and at 800 • C gave the highest conversions of CH 4 (95%) and CO 2 (96%). The stability profile of Cerium-modified catalysts (10%Ni/8%PO 4 + ZrO 2 ) depicted steady CH 4 and CO 2 conversions during the 7.5 h time on stream.Catalysts 2020, 10, 242 2 of 16 the dry reforming of CH 4 . They tested the catalytic activity over La 0.4 M 0.6 Al 0.2 Ni 0.8 O 3 (M = Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir) perovskite-type oxides with a surface area of 3.26-4.14 m 2 /g. It was obtained that the La 0.4 Rh 0.6 Al 0.2 Ni 0.8 O 3 catalyst revealed the best catalytic performance due to its high surface area, surface oxygen concentration, and good low-temperature reducibility. El Hassan et al. [18] studied the influence of Rh (0.2 and 0.5 wt %) to the Co/SBA-15 catalyst in the catalytic performance of dry reforming of CH 4 . It was found that Rh favored Co stabilization in the mesopores and was reduced at a much lower temperature. The nature of coke was affected and less γ-carbon formed on the Rh-containing sample. However, because of the high prices and limited availability of noble metals, the research has also focused on transition metals such as Co, Ni, Ti, which are broadly used for this process because of their high activity [19]. However, these catalysts are prone to quick deactivation due to coke deposition. Within the catalysts, Ni depicted the greatest performance due to its strong ability to break C-C/C-H bonds and activate CH 4 [20]. AKri et al. [21] elaborated the dry reforming of CH 4 employing atomically dispersed Ni atoms, stabilized by interaction with Ce-doped hydroxyapatite. Their results evidenced that the catalyst was very active and that isolated Ni atoms were inherently coke resistant. Ce doping of hydroxyapatite brought strong metal-support interactions which stabilized Ni single atoms toward sintering and favored the selective activation of only the first C-H bond in CH 4 . Goula et al. [22] inves...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Reforming of Methane Using Ce-modified Ni Supported on 8%PO4 + ZrO2 Catalysts

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, it is of 4 Geofluids paramount interest to study the permeability [16,22]. A typical relationship between porosity and permeability is the cubic law and defined as [20,[23][24][25]…”

Section: Reynolds Number Derivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Reynolds Number Evolution of Gas-Filled Coal

Liu

Zhao

2019

Geofluids

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The flow state of gas in coals is very complicated. We should pay attention to whether the permeability calculated by Darcy’s law is in accordance with the actual situation. We conducted an experiment on coal permeability and deformation under fixing confining pressure and increasing axial stress conditions. The objective is to investigate the variation of Reynolds number Re. In this study, the dynamic evolution of the Reynolds number is calculated under the relevant assumptions. The Reynolds number increases with an increase in the axial stress. In addition, the larger the value of initial Reynolds numbers, the greater the value of Re in the postpeak, and the possibility of nonlinear flow state is higher. Further, if the mass density (ρ) and fluid viscosity (μ) are constant, the decrease in the amplitudes of the flow rate is less than the increase in the equivalent diameter of the seepage path. Moreover, the tensile stress generated around the pores and fractures parallel or nearly parallel to the axial stress direction with increase in the axial stress results in an increase in the Reynolds numbers and equivalent diameter of the seepage path increase due to the development, expansion, and penetration of the cracks.

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“…The deformation of dual porosity media has been widely studied, and the Navier-type equation for the dual-porosity model can be expressed as [48][49][50]:…”

Section: Deformation Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir Permeability Evolution during the Process of CO2-Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Energies

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In this study, we have built a dual porosity/permeability model through accurately expressing the volumetric strain of matrix and fracture from a three-dimensional method which aims to reveal the reservoir permeability evolution during the process of CO2-enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery. This model has accommodated the key competing processes of mechanical deformation and adsorption/desorption induced swelling/shrinkage, and it also considered the effect of fracture aperture and effective stress difference between each medium (fracture and matrix). We then numerically solve the permeability model using a group of multi-field coupling equations with the finite element method (FEM) to understand how permeability evolves temporally and spatially. We further conduct multifaceted analyses to reveal that permeability evolution near the wells is the most dramatic. This study shows that the farther away from the well, the gentler the evolution of permeability. The evolution of reservoir permeability near the injection well (IW) and the production well (PW) are very different, due to the combined effects of effective stress changes and gas adsorption and desorption. Furthermore, adsorption is the main controlling factor for the change of permeability for regions near the IW, while the change in effective stress is the main cause for the change in permeability near the PW. Increasing the injection pressure of CO2 will cause the reservoir permeability to evolve more quickly and dynamically.

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Evolution of permeability during the process of shale gas extraction

Cited by 54 publications

References 47 publications

Dry Reforming of Methane Using Ce-modified Ni Supported on 8%PO4 + ZrO2 Catalysts

Dry Reforming of Methane Using Ce-modified Ni Supported on 8%PO4 + ZrO2 Catalysts

Experimental Study on Reynolds Number Evolution of Gas-Filled Coal

Reservoir Permeability Evolution during the Process of CO2-Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery

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