Evolution of Nipah Virus Infection: Past, Present, and Future Considerations

Hauser, Naomi; Gushiken, Alexis C; Narayanan, Shivakumar; Kottilil, Shyam; Chua, Joel V

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed6010024

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The STAT1-binding region of 018 possesses significant sequence similarity to the STAT1binding region of V/W and P proteins from NiV, a paramyxovirus first discovered in Malaysia in 1998 (Chua, 2000). NiV is highly pathogenic and has caused numerous sporadic outbreaks, including recently in Kerala, India (Arunkumar et al, 2019) and no effective treatments or vaccines are available (Hauser et al, 2021). Previous studies of NiV-V showed it sequesters STAT1 and 2 and prevents STAT1 phosphorylation (Rodriguez et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A strategy to suppress STAT1 signalling conserved in pathogenic poxviruses and paramyxoviruses

Talbot-Cooper

Pantelejevs

Shannon

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The induction of interferon-stimulated genes by signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, is a critical host defence to fight virus infections. Here, a highly expressed poxvirus protein 018 is shown to inhibit IFN-induced signalling by binding the SH2 domain of STAT1 to prevent STAT1 association with an activated IFN receptor. Despite the presence of additional inhibitors of IFN-induced signalling, a poxvirus lacking 018 was attenuated in mice. The 2.0-angstrom crystal structure of the 018:STAT1 complex reveals a mechanism for a high-affinity, pTyr-independent mode of binding to an SH2 domain. Furthermore, the STAT1 binding motif of 018 shows sequence similarity to the STAT1-binding proteins from Nipah virus, which like 018, block the association of STAT1 with an IFN receptor. Taken together, these results provide detailed mechanistic insight into a potent mode of STAT1 antagonism, found to exist in genetically diverse virus families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A strategy to suppress STAT1 signalling conserved in pathogenic poxviruses and paramyxoviruses

Talbot-Cooper

Pantelejevs

Shannon

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The reservoir of NiV is the Pteropus fruit bat and likely gained transmission to humans through pigs. It was first identified in Malaysia in 1998 and has since caused numerous outbreaks in and around South and Southeast Asia (Hauser et al 2021 ; Rathish and Vaishnani 2021 ). The mortality rate of NiV reaches as high 75%.…”

Section: Cross-species Therapeutic Potentials Beyond Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The nucleoside antiviral prodrug remdesivir in treating COVID-19 and beyond with interspecies significance

2021

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Infectious pandemics result in hundreds and millions of deaths, notable examples of the Spanish Flu, the Black Death and smallpox. The current pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), is unprecedented even in the historical term of pandemics. The unprecedentedness is featured by multiple surges, rapid identification of therapeutic options and accelerated development of vaccines. Remdesivir, originally developed for Ebola viral disease, is the first treatment of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. As demonstrated by in vitro and preclinical studies, this therapeutic agent is highly potent with a broad spectrum activity against viruses from as many as seven families even cross species. However, randomized controlled trials have failed to confirm the efficacy and safety. Remdesivir improves some clinical signs but not critical parameters such as mortality. This antiviral agent is an ester/phosphorylation prodrug and excessive hydrolysis which increases cellular toxicity. Remdesivir is given intravenously, leading to concentration spikes and likely increasing the potential of hydrolysis-based toxicity. This review has proposed a conceptual framework for improving its efficacy and minimizing toxicity not only for the COVID-19 pandemic but also for future ones caused by remdesivir-sensitive viruses.

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“…Previously, the NiV disease were found to be linked with consuming date palms juice but now infection has been found in various places with no link to such food habit (McKee et al 2021). Epidemiological studies revealed clustering around household members and hospital contacts without clear animal exposure (Hauser et al 2021). Thus further epidemiological investigations of such case should be properly conducted to avoid epidemics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A small-scale survey to evaluating the perception of the Nipah virus in Bangladeshi rural community

Wajed

Hoque

Biswas

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Nipah virus is a zoonotic agent causing diseases with extremely high mortality rate and several outbreaks have been reported from different parts of the world. Bangladesh is one of the country having repeated Nipah outbreaks since 2001.Objective To prevent an outbreak, it is necessary to understand public awareness and knowledge about the epidemic agent. This study was aimed to determine the level of knowledge and awareness related to NiV infection and to assess the potential risk of NiV disease among the rural population of Bangladesh.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 200 respondents from different villages of Bangladesh. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews in January 2021 using structured questionnaire.Results From the survey it was found that 58.5% respondent of the study unknown about the term Nipah virus. However, maximum people seem to be aware of the fact that a virus infected person should be isolated as they can spread the disease further. The awareness level of the people is classified as “very poor”, “poor”, “good” and “excellent” with a percentage of 20%, 23%, 25.5% and 31.5% respectively based on some questions. Bionomial regression analysis showed that education and government campaign were variables associated with the awareness of NiV disease.Conclusion Education and government campaigns need to be stepped up to make rural people aware about this zoonotic disease.

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Evolution of Nipah Virus Infection: Past, Present, and Future Considerations

Cited by 48 publications

References 59 publications

A strategy to suppress STAT1 signalling conserved in pathogenic poxviruses and paramyxoviruses

A strategy to suppress STAT1 signalling conserved in pathogenic poxviruses and paramyxoviruses

The nucleoside antiviral prodrug remdesivir in treating COVID-19 and beyond with interspecies significance

A small-scale survey to evaluating the perception of the Nipah virus in Bangladeshi rural community

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