Evolution of microstructure and residual stress during annealing of austenitic and ferritic steels

Wawszczak, Roman; Baczmański, Andrzej; Marciszko, Marianna; Wróbel, Mirosław; Czeppe, T.; Sztwiertnia, K.; Braham, C.; Berent, Katarzyna

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2015.12.019

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…With our thermal treatment, the initial tempered martensitic structure converted -at least partly-to austenite when the samples were heated at 1050°C for 1 hour. Moreover, Wawszczak et al [66] showed that the microstructure of a ferritic-martensitic steel (compositions close to those obtained for P92) does not change significantly after annealing at temperature below 400°C. In this range of temperatures, the Al coating cannot be formed.…”

Section: -Metallurgical Evolutions Induced By the Aluminisation Promentioning

confidence: 66%

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Characterisation of aluminium diffusion coatings elaborated on austenitic stainless steels and on ferritic-martensitic steels

Boulesteix

Pedraza

2018

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Slurry aluminide coatings were elaborated on IN-800HT and HR3C austenitic stainless steels (ASS) and on P92 ferritic-martensitic steels. The thermal treatments conducted in Ar enabled the melting of Al and the high temperature synthesis with the substrate elements to result in an aluminium diffusion coating. Whether for the ferritic-martensitic or the austenitic stainless steels, the coatings were formed by the simultaneous Al inward diffusion into the steel matrix and the outward diffusion of Fe (and Ni for the ASS) on both steel substrates. As a result, the coatings exhibited a B2-(Fe,Ni)Al phase for the ASS and B2-FeAl phase for the P92 substrate. A reduction of the grain size after annealing was noticed for the ASS but their microstructures remained mostly austenitic. However, a significant increase of the grain size occurred in the P92 steel with a transformation from the initial tempered martensitic structure to an austenitic structure. The microhardness of the ASS did not change significantly whereas for P92, a large increase occurred.

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Section: -Metallurgical Evolutions Induced By the Aluminisation Promentioning

confidence: 66%

“…9. In order to recover the initial microstructure of this steel, after a rapid quench in air a subsequent annealing shall be performed at 760°C for 1 hour [66]. Nevertheless, the aluminisation realized in this study was done in a tubular furnace which is not able to cool down quickly.…”

Section: -Metallurgical Evolutions Induced By the Aluminisation Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of aluminium diffusion coatings elaborated on austenitic stainless steels and on ferritic-martensitic steels

Boulesteix

Pedraza

2018

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…At this temperature, we are operating in the recovery regime of the material, because no nucleation of new grains was observed. Wawszczak et al determined the recovery regime for ferritic steels at temperatures lower than 400°C and the recrystallization temperature for temperatures above 600°C, whilst calorimetric experiments show an exothermic peak at 500°C [10]. In the recovery regime, no changes in EBSD mapping and microstructure were observed, however during recrystallization there were modifications; recrystallization depend significantly on the stacking fault energy [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Tempering Processes in Stainless Steel

Jeer¹,

Ocelík²,

Hosson³

2017

Materials and Contact Characterisation VIII

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In this study, we focused on the dynamics of the continuously changing microstructure at an elevated temperature upon tempering of stainless steel. We used a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) setup in combination with a High Temperature specimen stage to perform in-situ orientation imaging microscopy experiments. This experimental setup allowed us to observe in-situ the microstructural changes like grain growth, grain-boundary movement and modification in crystal orientations. By subsequent imaging of the outer surface area, the evolution of the microstructure can be examined leading to a better understanding of the dynamics of the tempering process of stainless steel. In particular, we discussed the results obtained of the microstructural changes at a fixed temperature of 500°C. A loss of the EBSD signal started at the triple junctions and at high angle grain boundaries over time and is attributed to oxidation. We concluded that preferred oxidation occurs during treatment and that dynamic in situ observations are possible.

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“…In this work, residual stresses are solely due to heat treatment because the residual stresses resulting from the rolling process are eliminated during an annealing treatment at 1100°C [14,15]. Thereafter, quenching and tempering are applied.…”

Section: Experimental Determination Of the Residual Stresses Induced mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). Wawszczak et al [15] found that, after rolling, the residual stresses in a 316L plate in the rolling and transversal directions are not identical. However, the neutron diffraction results show that the residual stresses follow the same distribution in both the X and Y directions.…”

Section: Residual Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumented clamping device and numerical simulations to study machining distortion

Cherif

Cotton

Poulachon

et al. 2019

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Machining part distortion is due to residual stresses induced by previous manufacturing processes. This study aims to evaluate the influence of machining conditions on AISI 316L plate distortion. Therefore, a special experimental device with force sensors integrated in the clamping system and numerical model of distortion were developed. Residual stresses due to previous machining processes were measured using a layer removal method and neutron diffraction technique. Then, distributions of these residual stresses were integrated in a developed model of machining distortion, which considers the clamping and machining sequence effects after each stage of the toolpath. A comparison of the experimental and numerical results revealed that the finite element method can adequately predict machining distortion. The results also suggest that clamping and machining sequence can affect part distortion.

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Evolution of microstructure and residual stress during annealing of austenitic and ferritic steels

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Characterisation of aluminium diffusion coatings elaborated on austenitic stainless steels and on ferritic-martensitic steels

Characterisation of aluminium diffusion coatings elaborated on austenitic stainless steels and on ferritic-martensitic steels

Dynamics of Tempering Processes in Stainless Steel

Instrumented clamping device and numerical simulations to study machining distortion

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