Evolution of grain structure during laser additive manufacturing. Simulation by a cellular automata method

Zinoviev, Aleksandr; Zinovieva, O.; Ploshikhin, Vasily; Романова, В. А.; Балохонов, Р. Р.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.125

Cited by 191 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Because of its ability to allocate spatial information of landscape, it has been widely used in land cover modeling and landscape prediction [1,44]. It has already gained an excellent reputation and has a prospective future in several fields, for instance: computer science, mathematics, and geographical science [45,46]. The CA-Markov model can be applied to spatiotemporally simulate future LULC distribution.…”

Section: Cellular Automata-markov Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Cover Patterns and Their Relationship with Land Surface Temperature in Nanjing, China

et al. 2020

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Rapid urbanization is one of the most concerning issues in the 21st century because of its significant impacts on various fields, including agriculture, forestry, ecology, and climate. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, highly related to the rapid urbanization, has attracted considerable attention from both academic scholars and governmental policymakers because of its direct influence on citizens’ daily life. Land surface temperature (LST) is a widely used indicator to assess the intensity of UHI significantly affected by the local land use/cover (LULC). In this study, we used the Landsat time-series data to derive the LULC composition and LST distribution maps of Nanjing in 2000, 2014, and 2018. A correlation analysis was carried out to check the relationship between LST and the density of each class of LULC. We found out that cropland and forest in Nanjing are helping to cool the city with different degrees of cooling effects depending on the location and LULC composition. Then, a Cellar Automata (CA)-Markov model was applied to predict the LULC conditions of Nanjing in 2030 and 2050. Based on the simulated LULC maps and the relationship between LST and LULC, we delineated high- and moderate-LST related risk areas in the city of Nanjing. Our findings are valuable for the local government to reorganize the future development zones in a way to control the urban climate environment and to keep a healthy social life within the city.

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Section: Cellular Automata-markov Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Cover Patterns and Their Relationship with Land Surface Temperature in Nanjing, China

et al. 2020

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“…The heat sources used in additive metal manufacturing include lasers, electron beams, arcs, etc. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Frequently used AM materials are Polymers, ceramics and metals [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Trajectory Curvature on the Microstructure and Properties of Surfacing Wall Formed with the Process of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2019

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Curvature effects are typically present in the process of additive manufacturing (AM), particularly for wire arc additive manufacturing. In this paper, stainless-steel wire was adopted to deposit thin-walled samples with different curvatures. Optical microscopy, SEM, EDS and micro-hardness was used to analyse the microstructure, composition and properties of the samples. The result shows that the bottom region of the thin-walled sample had a mainly planar and cellular crystal microstructure. For the middle region, the microstructure revealed mainly dendrites, and the top layer has equiaxed dendrite morphology. The microhardness value of the bottom was greater than that of the middle, and the microhardness value of the middle was greater than that of the top. Moreover, the grain size of the inner part (direct to curvature radius) was larger than that of the outer part, and the micro-hardness value exhibited an increasing tendency from the inner to the outer side. With enlarging curvature, the degree of grain size differences and micro-hardness variants decreased. Finally, an investigation with a low carbon steel wire showed that it had a similar curvature effect for its AM specimen.

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“…In present study, which is continuation of author's previous work [2], a probabilistic model of nucleation and growth [9] [10] is developed to supplement deterministic model to describe this phenomena in these alloys without recurrence to experimentation. Much research has been carried out previously on modelling and simulation of solidification phenomena in various processes employing cellular automata or modified cellular automata combined with finite element such as modified additive manufacturing (HDMR [11], LAMP [12] on 316L SS [10], two dimensional CAFE [13], cladding [14] [15]), selective laser melting (SLM) using CAFE [14] [15] [16] [17], CAPF, CAFVM [18] and modified CAFE [19] but none has been conducted on the use of cellular automata method on bulk metallic glasses or their composites. On modelling and simulation of bulk metallic glasses themselves; only two studies have been reported [20] [21] but again they are not aimed at explaining microstructure evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Modelling of Microstructural Evolution in Zr Based Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composites during Solidification in Additive Manufacturing

Rafique¹

2018

ENG

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Bulk metallic glass and their composites (BMGMCs) are a new class of materials which possess superior mechanical properties as compared to existing conventional materials. Owing to this, they are potential candidates for tomorrow's structural applications. However, they suffer from poor ductility and little or no toughness which render them brittle and they manifest catastrophic failure under applied force. Their behavior is dubious, unpredictable and requires extensive experimentation to arrive at conclusive results. In present study, an effort has been made to design bulk metallic glass matrix composites by the use of modeling and simulation. A probabilistic cellular automaton (CA) model is developed and described in present study by author which is used in conjunction with earlier developed deterministic model to predict microstructural evolution in Zr based BMGMCs in additive manufacturing liquid melt pool. It is elaborately described with an aim to arrive at quantitative relations which describe process and steps of operations. Results indicate that effect of incorporating all mass transfer and diffusion coefficients under transient conditions and precise determination of probability number play a vital role in refining the model and bringing it closer to a level that it could be compared to actual values. It is shown that proposed tailoring can account for microstructural evolution in metallic glasses.

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Evolution of grain structure during laser additive manufacturing. Simulation by a cellular automata method

Cited by 191 publications

References 20 publications

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Cover Patterns and Their Relationship with Land Surface Temperature in Nanjing, China

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Cover Patterns and Their Relationship with Land Surface Temperature in Nanjing, China

Effect of Trajectory Curvature on the Microstructure and Properties of Surfacing Wall Formed with the Process of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Probabilistic Modelling of Microstructural Evolution in Zr Based Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composites during Solidification in Additive Manufacturing

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