Evolution of genetic variability in a population of the edible snail, Helix aspersa Müller, undergoing domestication and short-term selection

Dupont‐Nivet, Mathilde; Mallard, J.; Bonnet, J.C.; Blanc, J. M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00836.x

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…For insect species, it has been observed that the adaptation to laboratory conditions frequently favors individuals with faster life cycles, females with high fecundity at the beginning of the reproductive stage, and males that do not necessarily accomplish all parts of the courting sequences /courtship [ 2 - 4 ]. At a molecular level, changes in the genetic variability have also been observed during the adaptation to laboratory conditions [ 5 - 11 ]. Specifically, the reduction of the population effective size in combination with the confinement to finite spaces has high impact on the genetic variability [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of genetic variability in Anastrepha fraterculus(Diptera: Tephritidae) during adaptation to laboratory rearing conditions

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAnastrepha fraterculus is one of the most important fruit fly plagues in the American continent and only chemical control is applied in the field to diminish its population densities. A better understanding of the genetic variability during the introduction and adaptation of wild A. fraterculus populations to laboratory conditions is required for the development of stable and vigorous experimental colonies and mass-reared strains in support of successful Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) efforts.MethodsThe present study aims to analyze the dynamics of changes in genetic variability during the first six generations under artificial rearing conditions in two populations: a) a wild population recently introduced to laboratory culture, named TW and, b) a long-established control line, named CL.ResultsResults showed a declining tendency of genetic variability in TW. In CL, the relatively high values of genetic variability appear to be maintained across generations and could denote an intrinsic capacity to avoid the loss of genetic diversity in time.DiscussionThe impact of evolutionary forces on this species during the adaptation process as well as the best approach to choose strategies to introduce experimental and mass-reared A. fraterculus strains for SIT programs are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of genetic variability in Anastrepha fraterculus(Diptera: Tephritidae) during adaptation to laboratory rearing conditions

et al. 2014

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“…Selection is expected to rapidly reduce the genetic variation, which then stabilizes except in small populations where the erosion of variation continues due to genetic drift and inbreeding. However, many hypotheses underlie these models and few studies have been carried out on real populations under selection (Sorensen and Hill, 1982;Meyer and Hill, 1991;Dupont-Nivet et al, 2001). Dupont-Nivet et al (2001) observed a strong decrease of genetic variation in the two first generations of a snail population undergoing selection followed by an equilibrium phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many hypotheses underlie these models and few studies have been carried out on real populations under selection (Sorensen and Hill, 1982;Meyer and Hill, 1991;Dupont-Nivet et al, 2001). Dupont-Nivet et al (2001) observed a strong decrease of genetic variation in the two first generations of a snail population undergoing selection followed by an equilibrium phase. Meyer and Hill (1991) reported a reduction of genetic variation during 23 generations in a population of mice selected for food intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of genetic variation for selected traits in successive breeding populations of maritime pine

2008

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Directional selection impacts a trait distribution by shifting its mean and reducing its variance. The change of variance is of major importance as the response to selection in subsequent generations is highly dependent of the genetic variability available in the population. In this contribution, evolution of genetic variation was investigated through the first breeding populations of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) breeding program. We considered three populations: P0 (the forest where plus trees were initially selected), G0 (the plus tree population) and G1 (the population composed of trees selected in the progenies of G0). Analyses focused on the following selected traits: total height (H), girth at 1.30 m (D) and stem deviation to verticality (S). More than 150 000 trees from 25 tests of three distinct populations were studied with an individual genetic model. Accurate genetic parameters were obtained by taking all relationships between trees into account. For H and D, we found a strong decrease of the genetic variation from P0 to G0 corresponding to the initial selection of plus trees, which constitutes the base population of the breeding program. Then, despite the second step of selection applied, no appreciable evolution arose from comparisons between G0 and G1 for these traits. For S, the evolution is less significant as phenotypic variation slightly increased, possibly due to changes of silvicultural practices.

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“…Similarly, negative correlations arise across genic fitnesses in part because genotypes in which both loci have low genic fitness are purged by selection; in this case, however, the bias is not observational but actual, as these low-fitness genotypes are selectively removed from the population. In this genetic context, where selection is imposed artificially through breeding, this biasing effect has been contemplated and modeled; it is known as the "Bulmer effect" [68][69][70][71][72][73]. When a desired (artificially selected) trait is determined by several genetic components, one generation of breeding for the desired trait will result in negative associations among the trait's components.…”

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Natural selection and the advantage of recombination

Gerrish

Galeota-Sprung

Cordero

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Exchanging genetic material with another individual seems risky from an evolutionary standpoint, and yet living things across all scales and phyla do so quite regularly. The pervasiveness of such genetic exchange, or recombination, in nature has defied explanation since the time of Darwin1–4. Conditions that favor recombination, however, are well-understood: recombination is advantageous when the genomes of individuals in a population contain more selectively mismatched combinations of alleles than can be explained by chance alone. Recombination remedies this imbalance by shuffling alleles across individuals. The great difficulty in explaining the ubiquity of recombination in nature lies in identifying a source of this imbalance that is comparably ubiquitous. Intuitively, it would seem that natural selection should reduce the imbalance by favoring selectively matched combinations of high-fitness alleles. We show, however, that this widely-held intuition is wrong; to the contrary, we find that natural selection has an encompassing tendency to assemble selectively mismatched combinations of alleles, thereby increasing the imbalance and promoting the evolution of recombination across demes in a structured population. We further show that, on average, selection-driven changes in allele frequencies over time within a single evolving population generate a net imbalance that promotes recombination, and additive fitness effects drive this imbalance. Our findings provide a novel theoretical point of departure from which the enormous body of established work on the evolution of sex and recombination may be viewed anew. They further suggest that recombination evolved and is maintained more as a byproduct of natural selection than as a catalyst.

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Evolution of genetic variability in a population of the edible snail, Helix aspersa Müller, undergoing domestication and short-term selection

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamics of genetic variability in Anastrepha fraterculus(Diptera: Tephritidae) during adaptation to laboratory rearing conditions

Dynamics of genetic variability in Anastrepha fraterculus(Diptera: Tephritidae) during adaptation to laboratory rearing conditions

Evolution of genetic variation for selected traits in successive breeding populations of maritime pine

Natural selection and the advantage of recombination

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