Evolution of Fractal Pore Structure in Sedimentary Rocks

Abstract

Geological processes alter pore spaces over time, and their analysis can shed light on the dynamic fractal structure and fluid flow of rocks over time. This study presents experimental evidence to illustrate that the pore fractal structure evolves with sedimentation, carbonate cementation, clay growth, and dissolution. It examines, describes and characterizes a suite of core samples from the Gaotaizi oil layer of the second and third members of the Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, China. The effects of mechanical compaction and other diagenesis effects on fractal pore structure on sedimentary rocks are discussed. A schematic diagram is proposed that describes the impacts of these diagenetic processes on fractal pore structure at the microscopic scale in sedimentary rocks. This work links the state of diagenetic alteration and fractal pore structure, which can guide practical applications such as predicting the permeability of sedimentary rocks.

Addressing Heavy Metal Pollution in Nigeria: Evaluating Policies, Assessing Impacts, and Enhancing Remediation Strategies

“…Overview of natural and anthropogenic sources: Naturally occurring heavy metals in the environment arise from a complex interplay of geological processes and parent rock weathering. Lithogenesis, the formation of sedimentary rocks from pre-existing materials, plays a key role in releasing these elements through weathering processes (Lyu et al, 2019;Okonkwo and Okunlola, 2022;Zhou et al, 2022). This contributes to the background concentration of heavy metals in groundwater and soil, with elements like radium, arsenic, and others originating directly from geological parent materials (Kouamé et al, 2013;Prathima et al, 2021;Saha et al, 2022).…”