Evolution of Electromagnetic Fields and Forced Flow in a Metal Melt under the Impact of Hot‐Top Pulsed Magneto‐Oscillation

Abstract

Hot‐top pulsed magneto‐oscillation (HPMO) is developed as a novel approach to achieve grain refinement and solute homogenization in heavy steel ingots. Through a combination of numerical simulations and melt flow measurements, this study investigates the evolution of electromagnetic fields and forced flow within alloy melts under the influence of HPMO, with a focus on varying electromagnetic parameters such as electric current intensity, frequency, and pulse length. The results of the simulations reveal the formation of double‐circulating flows in opposite directions within the melt. Experimental measurements of the flow field distribution closely align with the simulation outcomes. Furthermore, it is observed that the induced magnetic field inside the melt changes direction once, and the electromagnetic force changes direction three times within a single pulse length period under the influence of HPMO. Notably, the radial electromagnetic force, directed toward the interior of the melt, surpasses the normal electromagnetic force away from the melt. This phenomenon leads to a stable flow of the melt, contributing to grain refinement. The findings presented in this study offer valuable insights into the use of HPMO as a promising technique for improving the quality of heavy steel ingots.