Evolution of Efficiency and Its Determinants in the Retail Sector in Spain: New Evidence

Abstract

The purpose of this work is twofold: on the one hand, recent methodologies will be used to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants factors in Spain's retail sector.In particular, the order-m approach, which is based on the concept of expected minimum input function and quantile regression, for the analysis of the factors determinants of efficiency is used. On the other hand, the results obtained applying the methods mentioned in the Spanish retail sector can contribute to opening up a new field of analysis since the results may be compared by means of the methodologies proposed as well as those which already exist in the literature. The paper used data envelopment analysis stochastic (order-m) to measure efficiency and quantile regression analysis for the second stage in Spanish retail. For the second stage of analysis relative of the factors determinants of efficiency, we use quantile regression. We take account of heterogeneity between the different characteristics of firms, using quantile regression techniques. We find that firm size, age and market concentration are positively related to the efficiency along the quantiles considered in the analysis. The relationship between intensity of capital and better trained employees in the efficiency shows a curvilinear behavior. Also, there are significant differences by region to which the firm belongs. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an efficiency analysis for Spanish retail sector using a non parametric approach with a robust estimator and quantile regression analysis for second stage. This methodology allows for a more careful analysis of what happens at firm level.

Cash management and performance of index mutual funds

“…We address this issue by applying quantile regressions to analyze several levels of fund performance. This method has been applied in previous studies, such as Babalos et al , 2013; Abdelsalam et al , 2014; Moreno and Carrasco, 2015, among others. One of the advantages this methodology has over other regression techniques such as ordinary least squares is that the estimates of the model are more robust against outliers.…”

The Impact of Commerce Circulation Agglomeration on China's Production Efficiency

“…8The level of science and technology development (patent), expressed by the numeric value of the number of patents. The level of science and technology development, related to the ability of improving the technology and production efficiency of circulation enterprises in this area [6].…”

Determinantes da eficiência técnica no setor de supermercados brasileiro: uma análise utilizando métodos de fronteira de produção

“…Gugler et al (2003) A definição dos componentes da função de produção é um dos principais problemas encontrados pelas análises da eficiência no varejo (Thomas et al, 1998;Keh & Chu, 2003;Gauri, 2013). Seguindo a orientação de Barros Para representar a produção, utilizou-se o faturamento bruto anual, ou vendas brutas, de cada rede supermercadista, variável amplamente usada pela literatura (Donthu & Yoo, 1998;Thomas et al, 1998;Barros & Alves, 2004;Barros, 2006;De Mateo et al, 2006;Moreno & Carrasco, 2015).…”

“…(iii) Área de vendas: área total das redes de supermercados medidas em m 2 representando o capital investido (Yu & Angelo, 2001; Barros & Alves, 2003;De Mateo et al;Moreno, 2008;Sellers & Mas, 2009;Moreno & Carrasco, 2015).…”

“…(iv) Empregados: número total de funcionários da companhia, insumo que representa o fator trabalho para cada rede de supermercado observada (Thomas et al, 1998;Yu & Angelo, 2001;Keh & Chu, 2003;Sellers & Mas, 2007a;Souza, Macedo & Ferreira, 2009;Sellers & Mas, 2009;Gauri, 2013;Moreno & Carrasco, 2015 A variável experiência foi mensurada pela idade da rede desde a sua entrada no mercado (Sellers & Mas, 2009;Assaf et al, 2011;Gauri, 2013;Moreno & Carrasco, 2015 (Amin & Aguiar, 2006;Barros, 2006;Sellers & Mas, 2009;Stiegert & Kim, 2009…”