Evolution of cannibalism in the larval stage of pelagic fish

Nishimura, Kinya; Hoshino, Noboru

doi:10.1023/a:1006624331190

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This fact also implies the entrance of other infective stages, such as the recycling type I meronts, contributing to the success of the transmission. This is an important issue in the spreading of the disease within a fish farm, as cannibalism is considered a common phenomenon among pelagic fish under captive or natural conditions (Katavic et al 1989;Nishimura and Hoshino 1999), being more intense among fast-growing larvae and young juveniles (Hetcht and Piennar 1993), which are the age classes with the highest prevalence of infection by C. molnari in sea bream (Sitja`-Bobadilla and Alvarez-Pellitero 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental transmission of Cryptosporidium molnari (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) to gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

Sitjà‐Bobadilla¹,

Álvarez-Pellitero

2003

Parasitology Research

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Cryptosporidium molnari was experimentally transmitted to gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrachus labrax) by oral infection with infected stomach scrapings. The infection was also cross-transmitted from infected gilthead sea bream to sea bass by cohabitation. The course of the infection was assessed after necropsy by three microscopic diagnostic methods and their sensitivity was compared. At the end of all the experiments the prevalence of infection reached 100%. In the oral experiments, both fish hosts appeared infected as early as 7 days post exposure (p.e.), but gilthead sea bream exhibited a higher intensity of infection and infection proceeded at a faster rate than in sea bass. The cellular host reaction was stronger in sea bass than in sea bream, whereas the histopathological effect was lower in the former. Transmission could be favoured by cannibalism among cohabiting fish. This is the first report on piscine Cryptosporidium transmission. The implications for the aquaculture industry are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental transmission of Cryptosporidium molnari (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) to gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

Sitjà‐Bobadilla¹,

Álvarez-Pellitero

2003

Parasitology Research

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“…There are relatively few mathematical models devoted to study the evolutionary outcomes of age or stage-structure models with cannibalism but see the work of [7,26,27,32,34,42]. In 1985, Stenseth [34] used a discrete-time Leslie model of a three-stage structure with cannibalism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of two-stage models of social insects with egg cannibalism

Kang

Rodriguez-Rodriguez

Evilsizor

2015

Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications

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Cannibalistic interactions between different developmental stages in a population are prevalent among many groups of animals and social insects. Cannibalism plays an important role in the population outcomes and represents an adaptive strategy in which parents consume some offspring to increase their current and/or future reproductive success. To understand how egg cannibalism affects ecological dynamics and evolutionary outcomes, we propose a simple two-stage ecological model and its evolutionary model by using the framework of evolutionary game theory. Our analytical study shows that: 1. At the population level, a large rate of egg cannibalism can lead to a forward transcritical bifurcation, characterized by the emergence of a globally stable interior equilibrium, while a small rate of egg cannibalism can lead to a backward subcritical bifurcation, which generates strong Allee effects. 2. When the environment is harsh, egg cannibalism can prevent extinction in both the ecological and the evolutionary setting. In addition, evolution preserves strong Allee effects by choosing the trait with the smaller cannibalism rate. 3. Evolution may decrease or increase the fitness of the colony by decreasing or increasing the total population size. 4. The trait function is very important since it can affect permanence of the system. These results suggest that cannibalism behavior is indeed an adaptive strategy when the availability of food is scarce and the nutrient is limited. Additionally, cannibalism may be averted by defensive behaviors or other adaptations that serve to their age distribution, and it may be also a mechanism that can generate strong Allee effects.

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“…Cannibalism evolves in environments with low food availability (Folkvord 1997, Nishimura & Hoshino 1999. In environments with high starvation risk for offspring, mothers may benefit from sacrificing some offspring as a food resource to others (Perry & Roitberg 2006), and sometimes facilitate sibling cannibalism by asynchronic egg production (Polis 1981, Perry & Roitberg 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their diet shifts from a more zooplankton-oriented to a piscivorous and even cannibalistic diet already during the early larval stages (Uotani et al 1990, Miyashita et al 2001, Catalán et al 2007, Morote et al 2008). To become a piscivore, the larvae need to have large mouth gapes (Ottera & Folkvord 1993, Folkvord et al 1994, Nishimura & Hoshino 1999, and to develop their digestive (Kaji et al 1996) and visual systems rapidly (Margulies 1997). In fact, the large mouth gape in tuna larvae has been suggested as an adaptive morphological characteristic for a cannibal in the oligo -trophic pelagic environment (Nishimura & Hoshino 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To become a piscivore, the larvae need to have large mouth gapes (Ottera & Folkvord 1993, Folkvord et al 1994, Nishimura & Hoshino 1999, and to develop their digestive (Kaji et al 1996) and visual systems rapidly (Margulies 1997). In fact, the large mouth gape in tuna larvae has been suggested as an adaptive morphological characteristic for a cannibal in the oligo -trophic pelagic environment (Nishimura & Hoshino 1999). The intensity of piscivory and cannibalistic interactions also depends strongly on the size ratio between predators and prey (Claessen et al 2000, Juanes et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannibalism among size classes of larvae may be a substantial mortality component in tuna

Reglero¹,

Urtizberea²,

Torres³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Cannibalism among size classes may reduce starvation and improve survival of larval tuna in oligotrophic ocean areas, but it may also be a substantial mortality component depending on the availability of alternative prey. Here, we combine laboratory and field data on tuna larvae with a model of larval foraging and bioenergetics to explore the role of cannibalism in cohort development at different temperatures, durations of hatching period, hatching larval densities and natural mortality rates. Prey fields (zooplankton densities and co-occurrence of different larval stages of 3 species of tuna) were established from cruises in a main tuna spawning area around the Balearic Islands (Mediterranean Sea). Results suggest that a pure zooplankton diet is frequently insufficient to sustain larval growth. Piscivory can be a major source of larval mortality among tuna species and larvae hatched early can feed on abundant larvae of smaller size and have fewer predators themselves. We show how the intensity of cannibalism depends on the temperature dependent growth rate and the resulting relative size distribution when eggs are released continuously over a period of a few weeks. The predator-prey size distribution and the relative densities of these voracious larvae may produce overcompensation in recruitment under some environmental conditions.

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Evolution of cannibalism in the larval stage of pelagic fish

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Experimental transmission of Cryptosporidium molnari (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) to gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

Experimental transmission of Cryptosporidium molnari (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) to gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of two-stage models of social insects with egg cannibalism

Cannibalism among size classes of larvae may be a substantial mortality component in tuna

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