Evolution of a Plasmid Mediating Resistance to Multiple Antimicrobial Agents During a Prolonged Epidemic of Nosocomial Infections

Rubens, Craig E.; Farrar, W. Edmund; McGee, Zell A.; Schaffner, William

doi:10.1093/infdis/143.2.170

Cited by 78 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It has previously been shown that determinants for AAC(3) enzymes are transposable (Nugent & Datta, 1980;Rubens et al, 1981) and there are indications that the genes for AAC(3)I and AAC(3)III are related (Rubens et al, 1981). Thus it is interesting to ask whether AAC(3)III and AAC(3)IV are related.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Apramycin in Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals: Detection of a Novel Aminoglycoside-modifying Enzyme

Hedges

Shannon

1984

Microbiology

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~~~~ ~The mechanisms of resistance to apramycin of five isolates of Escherichia coli from animals were investigated. Three isolates, which were resistant to all the aminoglycosides tested, did not transfer their resistance and did not produce aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. The fourth isolate, which was resistant to apramycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, kanamycin and neomycin but not to amikacin, owed its resistance to production of the acetyltransferase AAC(3)IV. The gene specifying this enzyme was carried on a transposon, Tn800, on a plasmid designated R1535. The fifth isolate was resistant to apramycin, neomycin and kanamycin but not to gentamicin, tobramycin or amikacin. It produced an acetyltransferase that readily acetylated only apramycin, neomycin and paromomycin, a compound that is closely related to neomycin. Synthesis of this enzyme was specified by a chromosomal gene located near pyrD at about 20 min on the map of the E. coli K12 chromosome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Apramycin in Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals: Detection of a Novel Aminoglycoside-modifying Enzyme

Hedges

Shannon

1984

Microbiology

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“…It permits plasmids to be allocated to one of a limited number of groups but does not resolve small differences between related plasmids. Therefore, to investigate further our collection of trimethoprim R-plasmids and examine aspects of their epidemiology, we used restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA, a method that has become widely used for the study of plasmid and bacterial epidemiology (Rubens et al 1981;O'Brien et al 1982;Lyon et al 1984;Beul et al 1985;Platt, Chesham & Kristinsson, 1986). In this study, we applied a simple fingerprinting strategy to investigate the similarities and differences between trimethoprim resistance plasmids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of trimethoprim resistance plasmids

1987

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SUMMARYRestriction enzyme fingerprinting was applied to 72 transferable trimethoprim resistance plasmids to examine aspects of their epidemiology and molecular relatedness.These plasmids had previously been divided into 25 groups according to differences in mol. wts and in antimicrobial resistance determinants. Restriction enzyme fingerprinting allowed the plasmids to be further divided into 44 different groups. The groups based on molecular weight and resistance patterns often, but not invariably, corresponded with those based on restriction enzyme fingerprints. Some plasmids with the same mol. wt and resistance pattern had different digest fingerprints and conversely, although more rarely, plasmids which differed in molecular weight by as much as 10 MDa or in resistance pattern by one resistance marker, had indistinguishable fingerprints.The plasmids were initially divided into three broad categories according to which restriction enzymes gave fingerprints of 6-20 fragments. These categories differed in the molecular weights of the plasmids contained, the numbers of resistance markers, and the proportions of the plasmids which carried transposon Tn7.Some plasmids were more widespread and persistent than others with the same mol. wt and resistance pattern but with a different restriction enzyme fingerprint.Thus, application of this technique has shown the trimethoprim resistance plasmids studied to be more diverse than was indicated by determination of mol. wt and resistance pattern, and has indicated changes in the plasmid pool over the 3 years during which they were collected.

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“…More recently, this approach has been widely used to study the epidemiology of both plasmids and their host bacteria (Beul et al 1985;Lyon et al 1984; O'Brien et al 1982;Platt, Chesham & Kristinsson, 1986;Rubens et al 1981). The information provided by the application of these techniques is particularly useful for the study of genera for which no established typing scheme is available (Hawkey, Bennett & Hawkey, 1984) and the investigation of cryptic plasmids (Callihan, Young & Clark, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of enterobacterial plasmids: a simple strategy with wide application

Platt

Chesham

Brown

et al. 1986

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYRestriction enzyme fingerprints were generated from purified plasmid DNA from 324 clinical isolates that belonged to 7 enterobacterial genera and 88 single plasmids in Escherichia coli K 12 according to the following strategy.Purified plasmid DNA was digested with PstI. The number of fragments detected in a 0-8 agarose gel was used to determine which 2 of 6 restriction enzymes including PstI was most likely to provide a fingerprint comprising sufficient fragments to ensure specificity but sufficiently few to allow easy visual assessment and minimize coincidental matching. When Pst I produced > 20 fragments, Eco RI and Hind III were used; when PstI generated < 6 fragments Bsp 1286 and AvaII were used and SmaI was employed when between 6 and 20 fragments were obtained from PstI digests. Using a minimum of 12 fragments from a combination of 2 enzymes as the criterion for characterizing a strain/plasmid, satisfactory 2-enzyme fingerprints were obtained from 87 % of the strains and plasmids studied using Pst I and no more than two additional enzymes per strain. Of the remaining 54 strains, 51 harboured only small plasmids (< 10 kb) and 3 produced satisfactory fingerprints when digested with a fourth enzyme.

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Evolution of a Plasmid Mediating Resistance to Multiple Antimicrobial Agents During a Prolonged Epidemic of Nosocomial Infections

Cited by 78 publications

References 34 publications

Resistance to Apramycin in Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals: Detection of a Novel Aminoglycoside-modifying Enzyme

Resistance to Apramycin in Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals: Detection of a Novel Aminoglycoside-modifying Enzyme

Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of trimethoprim resistance plasmids

Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of enterobacterial plasmids: a simple strategy with wide application

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