Evolution, Current Status and Prospects of Phyto-Repellents against Mosquitoes

Bhat, Sumangala K.; Aravind, Ganessin

doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.8.54

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several additives, such as liquid paraffin, salicylic acid, mustard and coconut oils, have been used in formulations of citronella‐based repellents to increase their protection time 9 . Among them, vanillin is the most widely used additive and its effects have been tested with the main dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus 8,10–12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4,8 Several additives, such as liquid paraffin, salicylic acid, mustard and coconut oils, have been used in formulations of citronellabased repellents to increase their protection time. 9 Among them, vanillin is the most widely used additive and its effects have been tested with the main dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. 8,[10][11][12] however, as a consequence of the limited duration of repellency, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that labels of citronella-based insect repellents carry the recommendation to repeat applications every hour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in mosquito repellents: effectiveness of citronellal derivatives in laboratory and field trials

Iovinella

Caputo²,

Cobre³

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Several essential oils, including citronella (lemongrass, Cymbopogon sp., Poaceae), are well-known mosquito repellents. A drawback of such products is their limited protection time resulting from the high volatility of their active components. In particular, citronella oil protects for <2 h, although formulations with fixatives can increase this time.RESULTS: We synthesized hydroxylated cyclic acetals of citronellal, the main component of citronella, to obtain derivatives with lower volatility and weaker odour. The crude mixture of isomers obtained in the reaction was tested under laboratory conditions for its repellency against two mosquito species, the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae and the arbovirus vector Aedes albopictus, and found to be endowed with longer protection time with respect to DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) at the same concentration. Formulated products were tested in a latin square human field trial, in an area at a high density of A. albopictus for 8 h from the application. We found that the performance of the citronellal derivatives mixture is comparable (95% protection for ≤3.5 h) with those of the most widespread synthetic repellents DEET and Icaridin, tested at a four-fold higher doses.CONCLUSIONS: Modifying the hydrophilicity and volatility of natural repellents is a valuable strategy to design insect repellents with a long-lasting effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%