Evolution characteristics of products retorted from Gonghe oil shale based on TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS

Zhang, Huarong; Wang, Sha; Cong, Shuang; Yan, Jinbiao; Ge, Xiang; Shen, Jun; Chen, Bin; Jiang, Xiumin; Guo, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2022.179325

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…73,74 For the gas produced by the pyrolysis of the sample, both D0 and D4 contain a large amount of CO 2 , and a small amount of C�O groups mainly come from the cleavage of carbon-based and carboxyl functional groups. 75 The C−H stretching vibration peak is In addition, the pyrolysis of D0 and D4 also produced some NH 3 , which was related to the cracking of −NH 3+ in CMCS@ MPP.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, the FTIR bands of some gas products and functional groups are also marked in Figure a. The main functional groups are H 2 O (3770–3500, 1560–1275 cm –1 ), C–H (3100–2850 cm –1 ), CO 2 (2399–2277, 735–589 cm –1 ), CO (2228–2148 cm –1 ), CO (1784–1672 cm –1 ) and NH 3 (1019 cm –1 ). , For the gas produced by the pyrolysis of the sample, both D0 and D4 contain a large amount of CO 2 , and a small amount of CO groups mainly come from the cleavage of carbon-based and carboxyl functional groups . The C–H stretching vibration peak is mainly due to the decomposition of long-chain alkanes/olefins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate-Based Phosphorus-Containing Intermediates and Its Composite Si–P–C Silicone-Acrylic Emulsion Coating for Flame-Retardant Plywood

Lai,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Through the substitution reaction between 9,10dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and sodium lignosulfonate (LS), a novel phosphorus-containing sodium lignosulfonate (DAL) was successfully synthesized via the solvothermal method and used as a multifunctional flame retardant to prepare a novel silicone-acrylic emulsion (SAE) composite Si− P−C coating. The structure of DAL was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (solid-state 13 C NMR and 31 P NMR). The results demonstrated that incorporating an appropriate dosage of DAL (0.9 g, 1.5 wt %) into SAE-based composite coatings enhances flame retardancy and reduces heat release and smoke production during burning. The peak heat release rate (p-HRR) decreases from 236.7 to 120.3 kW•m −2 , total smoke production (TSP) decreases by 71.1%, and the flame-retardant index increases from 1.00 to 4.58. Meanwhile, the coating is transformed into a dense and nonflammable vitreous polyphosphate barrier layer during the firing process to prevent heat or mass transfer. Furthermore, the pyrolysis kinetics identify that the 3D Z−L−T model governs the coatings' pyrolysis, and the appropriate DAL makes the pyrolysis E α climb from 300.98 to 331.30 kJ•mol −1 at 358−439 °C. Hence, this study presents a new synthesis method of multifunctional flame retardant DAL, studies the excellent properties and cross-linking mechanism of DAL-doped SAEcomposite Si−P−C coatings, and explores a halogen-free, low-carbon, and clean eco-technology strategy.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate-Based Phosphorus-Containing Intermediates and Its Composite Si–P–C Silicone-Acrylic Emulsion Coating for Flame-Retardant Plywood

Lai,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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“…This method is environmentally friendly and efficient, which is in line with the development prospect of green chemistry. Additionally, Py‐GC/MS has the advantage of using fewer samples, producing high separation efficiencies and being reproducible 24–26 . Furthermore, this method can be used to predict how cigarettes and their flavour additives crack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Py-GC/MS has the advantage of using fewer samples, producing high separation efficiencies and being reproducible. [24][25][26] Furthermore, this method can be used to predict how cigarettes and their flavour additives crack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and pyrolysis of various novel pyrrole ester fragrance precursors

Tian

Han

et al. 2023

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Due to the disadvantages of low fragrance threshold and high volatility of pyrrole monomer under high‐temperature process in tobacco or food, it cannot meet the market requirements. In order to develop pyrrole flavour precursors, 2,5‐dimethyl‐N‐pyrroleacetic acid was synthesized by the Paal–Knorr reaction using 2,5‐hexanedione and glycine as raw materials. Various pyrrole fragrance precursors such as 2‐ethyl‐4‐oxo‐4H‐pyran‐3‐yl 2‐(2,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)acetate (5a), 4‐formyl‐2‐methoxyphenyl 2‐(2,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)acetate (5b), pyridine‐2‐ylmethyl 2‐(2,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)acetate (5c) and thiophen‐2‐ylmethyl 2‐(2,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)acetate (5d) were synthesized by esterification from 2,5‐dimethyl‐N‐pyrroleacetic acid with ethyl maltol, vanillin, 2‐pyridinemethanol and 2‐thiophenemethanol, respectively. As part of the study, IR, NMR and HRMS were used to characterize the target compounds. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry‐olfactometer (GC–MS‐O), the pyrrole esters obtained were evaluated for the characteristics of their aromas. The thermal stability was analysed using thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In addition, the pyrolysis mechanism was speculated. With TG‐DTG results, the main mass loss phase of 5a occurred between 108°C and 450°C, with a dramatic mass loss reduction of 83.07%. At 118.60°C and 450°C, 5b showed a mass loss reduction of 60.80%. Furthermore, according to the Py‐GC/MS analysis results, compounds 5a and 5b formed 8 and 7 pyrolysis products. The main pyrolysis products of 5a and 5b were 1‐ethyl‐2,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrrole, ethyl maltol, and vanillin, which are all aroma components used to blend cigarette smoke, can slow down the rate at which aromas are lost and mask unpleasant smoke. Study results provide a reference for the tobacco industry to further develop new high‐temperature release aroma ingredients.

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Determination of boiling point distribution by TG using a novel crucible and comparison with true boiling point distillation and simulated distillation by GC–MS and Py-GC/MS

Liu,

He,

Wang

et al. 2024

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Evolution characteristics of products retorted from Gonghe oil shale based on TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate-Based Phosphorus-Containing Intermediates and Its Composite Si–P–C Silicone-Acrylic Emulsion Coating for Flame-Retardant Plywood

Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate-Based Phosphorus-Containing Intermediates and Its Composite Si–P–C Silicone-Acrylic Emulsion Coating for Flame-Retardant Plywood

Synthesis and pyrolysis of various novel pyrrole ester fragrance precursors

Determination of boiling point distribution by TG using a novel crucible and comparison with true boiling point distillation and simulated distillation by GC–MS and Py-GC/MS

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