Evolution and diversity of the mechanisms endowing resistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate-synthase (ALS) in corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.)

Tribenuron-methyl resistance and mutation diversity of Pro197 in flixweed (Descurainia Sophia L.) accessions from China

“…In addition, Pro197-His and Pro197-His/Pro mutations were identified for the first time in flixweed. By contrast, the Pro197-His or/and Pro197-His/ Pro mutation has already been reported to confer resistance to AHAS herbicides in corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), rock bulrush (Schoenoplectus juncoides), ricefield bulrush (Schoenoplectus mucronatus) and shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) [3,[28][29][30][31].…”

“…Several DNA based techniques have been developed for resistance diagnosis. These included PCR-RFLP [33], dCAPS [3,8] and CAPS [34]. All these DNA-based methods are rapid, low-cost and readily available, and thus suitable for screening of hundreds of samples.…”

“…The selection pressure imposed by herbicides and the genetic variation of weeds are the major evolutionary dynamics [2]. Investigation of the resistance-endowing mutation diversity within and between weed accessions can help us not only disclose the mechanisms underlying weed resistance, but also demonstrate the genetic basis of weed adaption to herbicides [3,4].…”

Occurrence, genetic control and evolution of non-target-site based resistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS) in the dicot weed Papaver rhoeas

“…The mutation(s) responsible for the resistance were essentially found at codon Pro197 in the ALS gene [29][30][31][32][33] and, in extremely low frequency, at codon Trp574 [33]. However, recent results have shown that P. rhoeas plants with identical genotypes at ALS could exhibit differences in sensitivity to ALS inhibitors [33]. Plants resistant to ALS inhibitors but not carrying mutant ALS alleles were also identified in low frequencies in populations where TSR to ALS inhibitors was present [33].…”

Multiple resistance to thifensulfuron-methyl and fomesafen in redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.) from China

“…There are few reports about NTSR to ALS inhibitors in broadleaf weeds. However, Délye have shown that different individuals of Papaver rhoeas with same genotypes to ALS exhibit different levels of herbicide resistance, which results from the NTSR (Délye et al, 2011). This strongly indicates that the significance of NTSR to ALS-inhibiting herbicides may be underestimated in broadleaf weeds, possibly because NTSR is very often linked with TSR (Délye et al, 2011;Ahmad-Hamdani et al, 2012;Kaundun et al, 2013).…”