Evolution and diversification within the intertidal brown macroalgae Fucus spiralis/F. vesiculosus species complex in the North Atlantic

Coyer, James A.; Hoarau, Galice; Costa, Joana F.; Hogerdijk, B; Serrão, Ester Á.; Billard, Emmanuelle; Valéro, Myriam; Pearson, Gareth A.; Olsen, Jeanine L.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.11.015

Cited by 65 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Fucus cottonii from Oregon were unambiguously derived from F. gardneri, as has been shown with mitochondrial DNA for samples from British Columbia (Kucera & Saunders, 2008). Fucus gardneri is the only native Fucus species in the Pacific, since F. spiralis is a recent introduction (Coyer et al, 2011a). Fucus gardneri is still treated as a separate species but is considered to be part of the F. distichus complex, which unites entities that are genetically closely related and may prove to be a single species of Arctic origin (Ca´novas et al, 2011;Coyer et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Fucus cottonii(Fucales, Phaeophyceae) is not a single genetic entity but a convergent salt-marsh morphotype with multiple independent origins

Neiva

Hansen

Pearson

et al. 2012

European Journal of Phycology

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In low-energy salt-marsh environments, Fucus spp. frequently exhibit an atypical morphology that is characterized by the absence of an anchoring holdfast and a trend towards reduced size and buoyancy, enhanced vegetative proliferation, and often the loss of sexual reproduction. Such forms, often referred to as ecads, presumably derive from typical attached forms, but their affinities are normally difficult to establish with confidence due to their simplified and largely convergent morphology. Minute salt-marsh forms growing partially embedded in the sediment occur on Atlantic and Pacific coasts and have traditionally been recognized as an independent entity, Fucus cottonii. In this study we analyse with four microsatellite loci two F. cottonii populations from salt-marshes of Oregon (NE Pacific) and Ireland (Europe, near the species type locality), as well as local populations of other Fucus spp. that could be considered potential source populations, either directly or via hybridization. Our results show that the F. cottonii from Oregon derive from F. gardneri whereas the Irish population is closer to F. spiralis. We conclude that F. cottonii is not a coherent genetic entity, but an artificial grouping of evolutionarily independent populations that converged into similar morphologies in different salt-marsh habitats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Fucus cottonii(Fucales, Phaeophyceae) is not a single genetic entity but a convergent salt-marsh morphotype with multiple independent origins

Neiva

Hansen

Pearson

et al. 2012

European Journal of Phycology

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“…Pearson, 2011. The range distribution of F. guiryi was shown to occur from Brittany to Morocco (Coyer et al 2011). Common garden experiments performed on the three sympatric genetic taxa F. spiralis, F. guiryi and F. vesiculosus showed that physiological response to desiccation stress differed between species and was consistent with their respective vertical distribution on steep environmental clines in exposure time (Zardi et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In addition, it was proposed that selfing as well as limited gamete dispersal contributes to species integrity in F. spiralis and F. guiryi Billard et al 2010;Zardi et al 2011). Finally, a high level of asymmetric introgression was reported (Coyer et al 2011). A scenario of organelle capture via hybridization and spread of neutral nuclear alleles during range expansion was suggested to explain the recurrent occurrence of introgression in this genus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Species are hypotheses: avoid connectivity assessments based on pillars of sand

et al. 2015

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Connectivity among populations determines the dynamics and evolution of populations, and its assessment is essential in ecology in general and in conservation biology in particular. The robust basis of any ecological study is the accurate delimitation of evolutionary units, such as populations, metapopulations and species. Yet a disconnect still persists between the work of taxonomists describing species as working hypotheses and the use of species delimitation by molecular ecologists interested in describing patterns of gene flow. This problem is particularly acute in the marine environment where the inventory of biodiversity is relatively delayed, while for the past two decades, molecular studies have shown a high prevalence of cryptic species. In this study, we illustrate, based on marine case studies, how the failure to recognize boundaries of evolutionary-relevant unit leads to heavily biased estimates of connectivity. We review the conceptual framework within which species delimitation can be formalized as falsifiable hypotheses and show how connectivity studies can feed integrative taxonomic work and vice versa. Finally, we suggest strategies for spatial, temporal and phylogenetic sampling to reduce the probability of inadequately delimiting evolutionary units when engaging in connectivity studies.

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“…This is especially true for species in which the sexes are separate due to their dioecious sexual system. Among these dioecious organisms are many brown seaweeds (Luthringer et al 2014), some of which have been reported as long-distance dispersers based on genetic evidence (Fraser et al 2010a, Coyer et al 2011). Long-distance dispersal has been suggested for some positively buoyant dioecious seaweeds that are able to maintain viable propagules over long periods of time, as is the case for Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus 1753 ( Vandendriessche et al 2007, Coyer et al 2011 and Hormosira banksii (Turner) Decaisne 1842 (McKenzie and Bellgrove 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No sex-related dispersal limitation in a dioecious, oceanic long-distance traveller: the bull kelp Durvillaea antarctica

Lizée-Prynne¹,

López²,

Tala³

et al. 2016

Botanica Marina

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Dispersal of dioecious floating seaweeds could be limited due to biological constraints. This study examined for benthic and floating populations (stranded individuals) of the rafting kelp Durvillaea antarctica whether male and female individuals cohabit within one holdfast. As a previous study had indicated colour differences between sexes, we also examined whether these colour differences are consistent and possibly related to pigment and phlorotannin concentrations. Our large-scale survey of rafted holdfasts and a small-scale survey of benthic holdfasts at two sites found that reproductive males and females do travel together in coalesced holdfasts, although this proportion is relatively low (5-17%). There were no sex-specific differences in pigment and phlorotannin concentrations, but there were significant differences between the two benthic populations. There was no relationship between the colouration of thalli and the concentration of pigments but there was a slight colour difference between vegetative and reproductive sexual stages. Based on these results we conclude that biological conditions are not the cause for the lack of genetic connectivity between D. antarctica populations from central Chile. Instead, we suggest that ecological processes, such as density-blocking and physical factors (i.e. currents and winds), limit the potential for successful rafting dispersal.

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Evolution and diversification within the intertidal brown macroalgae Fucus spiralis/F. vesiculosus species complex in the North Atlantic

Cited by 65 publications

References 70 publications

Fucus cottonii(Fucales, Phaeophyceae) is not a single genetic entity but a convergent salt-marsh morphotype with multiple independent origins

Fucus cottonii(Fucales, Phaeophyceae) is not a single genetic entity but a convergent salt-marsh morphotype with multiple independent origins

Species are hypotheses: avoid connectivity assessments based on pillars of sand

No sex-related dispersal limitation in a dioecious, oceanic long-distance traveller: the bull kelp Durvillaea antarctica

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