Evolution and Biodiversity of Antarctic Organisms

Rogers, Alex D.

doi:10.1002/9781444347241.ch14

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…High levels of genetic divergence between species (Tables 2 , 5 ) and long branches in tree topologies (Figs 3 , 4 ) seem to support speciation in the distant past. On an evolutionary timescale, the origin of modern Antarctic biota is put shortly after the Gondwana break-up, which marked the onset of vicariance, speciation and diversification [ 76 , 77 ]. Yet the resulting Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) maintained a certain level of horizontal connectivity between species and populations along the continent, reflected in circum-Antarctic distributions observed in several benthic invertebrate species [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct genetic differentiation and species diversification within two marine nematodes with different habitat preference in Antarctic sediments

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDispersal ability, population genetic structure and species divergence in marine nematodes are still poorly understood, especially in remote areas such as the Southern Ocean. We investigated genetic differentiation of species and populations of the free-living endobenthic nematode genera Sabatieria and Desmodora using nuclear 18S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA, and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences. Specimens were collected at continental shelf depths (200–500 m) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc and eastern side of the Weddell Sea. The two nematode genera co-occurred at all sampled locations, but with different vertical distribution in the sediment. A combination of phylogenetic (GMYC, Bayesian Inference, Maximum Likelihood) and population genetic (AMOVA) analyses were used for species delimitation and assessment of gene flow between sampling locations.ResultsSequence analyses resulted in the delimitation of four divergent species lineages in Sabatieria, two of which could not be discriminated morphologically and most likely constitute cryptic species. Two species were recognised in Desmodora, one of which showed large intraspecific morphological variation. Both genera comprised species that were restricted to one side of the Weddell Sea and species that were widely spread across it. Population genetic structuring was highly significant and more pronounced in the deeper sediment-dwelling Sabatieria species, which are generally less prone to resuspension and passive dispersal in the water column than surface Desmodora species.ConclusionsOur results indicate that gene flow is restricted at large geographic distance in the Southern Ocean, which casts doubt on the efficiency of the Weddell gyre and Antarctic Circumpolar Current in facilitating circum-Antarctic nematode species distributions. We also show that genetic structuring and cryptic speciation can be very different in nematode species isolated from the same geographic area, but with different habitat preferences (surface versus deeper sediment layers).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0968-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct genetic differentiation and species diversification within two marine nematodes with different habitat preference in Antarctic sediments

et al. 2017

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“…; Stonehouse ). It is notable that many genetic studies that have analyzed populations across the South Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean have detected significant genetic differentiation of populations lying either side of the Polar Front (Allcock and Strugnell ; Rogers ; Strugnell et al. ), but none so far in avian populations, although evidence has been found for differentiation between sub‐Antarctic and mainland New Zealand populations of yellow‐eyed penguins (Boessenkool et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and phylogeography of the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) across the Scotia Arc

Levy

Clucas

Rogers

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Climate change, fisheries' pressure on penguin prey, and direct human disturbance of wildlife have all been implicated in causing large shifts in the abundance and distribution of penguins in the Southern Ocean. Without mark‐recapture studies, understanding how colonies form and, by extension, how ranges shift is challenging. Genetic studies, particularly focused on newly established colonies, provide a snapshot of colonization and can reveal the extent to which shifts in abundance and occupancy result from changes in demographic rates (e.g., reproduction and survival) or migration among suitable patches of habitat. Here, we describe the population structure of a colonial seabird breeding across a large latitudinal range in the Southern Ocean. Using multilocus microsatellite genotype data from 510 Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) individuals from 14 colonies along the Scotia Arc and Antarctic Peninsula, together with mitochondrial DNA data, we find strong genetic differentiation between colonies north and south of the Polar Front, that coincides geographically with the taxonomic boundary separating the subspecies P. p. papua and P. p. ellsworthii. Using a discrete Bayesian phylogeographic approach, we show that southern Gentoos expanded from a possible glacial refuge in the center of their current range, colonizing regions to the north and south through rare, long‐distance dispersal. Our findings show that this dispersal is important for new colony foundation and range expansion in a seabird species that ordinarily exhibits high levels of natal philopatry, though persistent oceanographic features serve as barriers to movement.

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“…Lim et al, 2018), chemosynthetic environments, including deep-sea hydrothermal vents (e.g. Rogers et al, 2012) and seeps (e.g. Ondréas et al, 2005), abyssal plains (e.g.…”

Section: Remotely Operated Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greetings from HYDRO 2023 Organizing Committee

Monaca

2024

IHR

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Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886), and except in the circumstances described below, no part may be translated, reproduced by any process, adapted, communicated or commercially exploited without prior written permission from the Secretariat of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). Copyright in some of the material in this publication may be owned by another party and permission for the translation and/or reproduction of that material must be obtained from the owner. This document or partial material from this document may be translated, reproduced or distributed for general information, on no more than a cost recovery basis. Copies may not be sold or distributed for profit or gain without prior written agreement of the IHO Secretariat and any other copyright holders.In the event that this document or partial material from this document is reproduced, translated or distributed under the terms described above, the following statements are to be included: "Material from IHO publication [reference to extract: Title, Edition] is reproduced with the permission of the IHO Secretariat (Permission No ……./…) acting for the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), which does not accept responsibility for the correctness of the material as reproduced: in case of doubt, the IHO's authentic text shall prevail. The incorporation of material sourced from IHO shall not be construed as constituting an endorsement by IHO of this product." "This [document/publication] is a translation of IHO [document/publication] [name]. The IHO has not checked this translation and therefore takes no responsibility for its accuracy. In case of doubt the source version of [name] in [language]should be consulted."The IHO Logo or other identifiers shall not be used in any derived product without prior written permission from the IHO Secretariat. Cover imageThe cover image shows the Pisces VI deep-sea research submersible, which provides access to the deep ocean to study marine ecosystems. The related article by Alex David Rogers & Eva Ramirez-Llodra (pp. 10-37) shows how quantitative sampling methods and deep submergence technologies, as well as advances in fields such as acoustics and marine navigation, are enabling deep-sea exploration of marine ecosystems. The Nippon Foundation Nekton Ocean Census programme is an important initiative to accelerate the discovery of marine life. Photo: Nekton Foundation. Open Access PolicyThis journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. About the JournalThe International Hydrographic Review (IHR) is an international scientific journal publishing peer-reviewed papers on all aspects of hydrography and associated subjects, ranging from the latest technical developments and significant events to book reviews and historical recollections. The IHR was first published in 1923 and since then has been published regularly.

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Evolution and Biodiversity of Antarctic Organisms

Cited by 12 publications

References 322 publications

Distinct genetic differentiation and species diversification within two marine nematodes with different habitat preference in Antarctic sediments

Distinct genetic differentiation and species diversification within two marine nematodes with different habitat preference in Antarctic sediments

Population structure and phylogeography of the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) across the Scotia Arc

Greetings from HYDRO 2023 Organizing Committee

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