Evolution and Adaptation of Wild Emmer Wheat Populations to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Huang, Lin; Raats, Dina; Sela, Hanan; Klymiuk, Valentyna; Lidzbarsky, Gabriel; Feng, Lu; Krugman, Tamar; Fahima, Tzion

doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-080614-120254

Cited by 74 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…For example, genes for resistance to powdery mildew ( Pm8 and Pm17 ) and rust ( Sr31 , Lr26 , and Yr9 ) on chromosome 1RS of rye have been successfully introduced into commercial wheat cultivars (Jiang et al , 1994; Kim et al , 2004). For common wheat, its progenitor wild emmer is also a rich donor of adaptive diversity to various diseases and can be exploited for trait improvement (Huang et al , 2016). Many confirmed Pm genes originate from wild species and primitive forms including wild emmer.…”

Section: Prospects In Current Resistance Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance of wheat – a review of molecular breeding

et al. 2020

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Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) results in serious economic loss in wheat production. Exploration of plant resistance to wheat powdery mildew over several decades has led to the discovery of a wealth of resistance genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We have provided a comprehensive summary of over 200 powdery mildew genes (permanently and temporarily designated genes) and QTLs reported in common bread wheat. This highlights the diverse and rich resistance sources that exist across all 21 chromosomes. To manage different data for breeders, here we also present a bridged mapping result from previously reported powdery mildew resistance genes and QTLs with the application of a published integrated wheat map. This will provide important insights to empower further breeding of powdery mildew resistant wheat via marker‐assisted selection (MAS).

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Section: Prospects In Current Resistance Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance of wheat – a review of molecular breeding

et al. 2020

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“…Drought-resistant wild emmer populations differ in gene expression in stress, transport, and metabolism genes (Huang et al, 2016). …”

Section: Phenotypic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dicoccoides) and chili show geographic variation in disease resistance (Tewksbury et al, 2008;Huang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Bioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the genetics of crops domestication has been widely studied for some common plant species (Darwin, 1868;Evans, 1993;Smartt and Simmonds, 1995;Ladizinsky, 1998;Hancock, 2012), the role of ecological interaction within centers of origin in contributing crop phenotypic diversity has been overlooked (Chen et al, 2015;Perez-Jaramillo et al, 2016). Prior to domestication, wild ancestors of crop plants evolved in association with a broad assemblage of microbes and insects, with which they engaged in a range of pathogenic, predatory, commensal, and mutualistic interactions (Chen et al, 2013;Huang et al, 2016;Perez-Jaramillo et al, 2016). These ecological interactions were almost certainly altered by domestication and when early domesticates were introduced to new locations with unique climates, distinct local biodiversity, and different cultural methods of farming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back to the Origin: In Situ Studies Are Needed to Understand Selection during Crop Diversification

et al. 2017

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Crop domestication has been embraced as a model system to study the genetics of plant evolution. Yet, the role of the environment, including biotic forces such as microbial and insect communities, in contributing to crop phenotypes under domestication and diversification has been poorly explored. In particular, there has been limited progress in understanding how human selection, agricultural cultivation (soil disturbance, fertilization, and irrigation), and biotic forces act as selective pressures on crop phenotypes. For example, geographically-structured pathogenic, pestiferous, and mutualistic interactions with crop plants have likely given rise to landraces that interact differently with local microbial and insect communities. In order to understand the adaptive role of crop traits, we argue that more studies should be conducted in the geographic centers of origin to test hypotheses on how abiotic, biotic, and human selective forces have shaped the phenotypes of domesticated plants during crop domestication and subsequent diversification into landraces. In these centers of origin, locally endemic species associated with wild ancestors have likely contributed to the selection on plant phenotypes. We address a range of questions that can only be studied in the geographic center of crop origin, placing emphasis on Mesoamerican polyculture systems, and highlight the significance of in situ studies for increasing the sustainability of modern agricultural systems.

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“…Local microscale natural laboratories are designated “Evolution Canyon” (EC) models by Nevo, and many studies on the “Evolution Canyon” model indicated that micro-geographic studies are excellent tests of local adaptive evolution and the evolutionary forces shaping evolution (Nevo, 2009, 2014, 2015; Venetsky et al, 2015; Huang et al, 2016). Ecological diversification between habitats favors local adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Radiation-Associated Adaptive SNP Genetic Differentiation in Wild Emmer Wheat, Triticum dicoccoides

et al. 2017

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Whole-genome scans with large number of genetic markers provide the opportunity to investigate local adaptation in natural populations and identify candidate genes under positive selection. In the present study, adaptation genetic differentiation associated with solar radiation was investigated using 695 polymorphic SNP markers in wild emmer wheat originated in a micro-site at Yehudiyya, Israel. The test involved two solar radiation niches: (1) sun, in-between trees; and (2) shade, under tree canopy, separated apart by a distance of 2–4 m. Analysis of molecular variance showed a small (0.53%) but significant portion of overall variation between the sun and shade micro-niches, indicating a non-ignorable genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats. Fifty SNP markers showed a medium (0.05 ≤ FST ≤ 0.15) or high genetic differentiation (FST > 0.15). A total of 21 outlier loci under positive selection were identified by using four different FST-outlier testing algorithms. The markers and genome locations under positive selection are consistent with the known patterns of selection. These results suggested that genetic differentiation between sun and shade habitats is substantial, radiation-associated, and therefore ecologically determined. Hence, the results of this study reflected effects of natural selection through solar radiation on EST-related SNP genetic diversity, resulting presumably in different adaptive complexes at a micro-scale divergence. The present work highlights the evolutionary theory and application significance of solar radiation-driven natural selection in wheat improvement.

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Evolution and Adaptation of Wild Emmer Wheat Populations to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Cited by 74 publications

References 150 publications

Mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance of wheat – a review of molecular breeding

Mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance of wheat – a review of molecular breeding

Back to the Origin: In Situ Studies Are Needed to Understand Selection during Crop Diversification

Solar Radiation-Associated Adaptive SNP Genetic Differentiation in Wild Emmer Wheat, Triticum dicoccoides

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