Evolución del uso de medicamentos ansiolíticos e hipnóticos en España durante el período 2000-2011

Sánchez, María Pilar Vicente; Saint-Gerons, Diego Macías; Honrubia, César de la Fuente; Bermejo, Diana González; Corominas, Dolores Montero; Catalá-López, Ferrán

doi:10.4321/s1135-57272013000300004

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Use of antidepressants in particular decreased in 2012, in contrast to the results obtained by various researchers from several countries who reported a significant increase in prescription of psychotropic drugs during the last decade [9,20,21,22,23]. However, use of anxiolytics increased to 24.3%, consistent with the results obtained in an ecological study based on Spanish pharmacy dispensing data [24] and with those of Tsimtsiou et al [12], who determined predictors of prescription of anxiolytics and hypnotics by general practitioners in England based on data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework. This increase in the consumption of anxiolytics could be because this drug class is used to treat a wide variety of conditions, whereas antidepressants are indicated for specific conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Time Trend in Psychotropic Medication Use in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Carrasco‐Garrido

Hernández-Barrera

Trujillo

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Background: We performed an epidemiologic study to analyze nationwide time trends in adult psychotropic drug use over a period from 2006 to 2012, and to identify those factors associated with the likelihood of consumption of these drugs during the study period; Methods: Cross-sectional study on psychotropic medication in the Spanish adult population. We used secondary individualized data drawn from the 2006 and 2012 Spanish National Health Surveys (SNHS). The dependent variable was the use of psychotropic drugs in the previous two weeks. Independent variables included socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidity, lifestyles and healthcare resource utilization. Using logistic multivariate regression models, we analyzed the temporal evolution of psychotropic medication consumption between 2006 and 2012 in both sexes; Results: The prevalence of psychotropic drug use was significantly greater in women (18.14% vs. 8.08% in 2012 (p < 0.05). In Spanish women, the variables associated with a greater probability of psychotropic use were, age, unemployment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.60; 95% CI, 1.24–2.07), negative perception of health or taking non-psychotropic drugs. Among men, psychotropic use is associated with presence of chronic disease, negative perception of health (AOR, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.62–4.07 in 2012) or inactive status; Conclusions: Between 2006 and 2012, the probability of having taken psychotropic drugs increased by 16% among women. Unemployed women aged ≥45 years with a negative perception of their health constitute a clear risk profile in terms of psychotropic drug use. Inactive men who have a negative perception of their health are the group most likely to consume psychotropic drugs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Time Trend in Psychotropic Medication Use in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Carrasco‐Garrido

Hernández-Barrera

Trujillo

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…BZDs were first used in clinical practice in the early 1960s [ 14 ], and since then have been one of the most-prescribed drug groups in most developed countries [ 15 ]. In Spain, BZD consumption has undergone sustained growth, from a defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) of 32.7 in 1992, to 56.7 in 2000, and 89.3 in 2012 [ 16 , 17 ]. This 54.7% increase between 2000 and 2012 is beyond comparison with trends in any other countries in our setting with the exception of Portugal, where BZD consumption increased by 24% between 2003 and 2010 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Spain, BZD consumption has undergone sustained growth, from a defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) of 32.7 in 1992, to 56.7 in 2000, and 89.3 in 2012 [ 16 , 17 ]. This 54.7% increase between 2000 and 2012 is beyond comparison with trends in any other countries in our setting with the exception of Portugal, where BZD consumption increased by 24% between 2003 and 2010 [ 17 ]. In all other countries, BZD consumption rates remained stable or even decreased, with a more marked reduction in anxiolytics than hypnotics [ 18 – 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of changes in trends in the consumption rates of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine-related drugs

García

Lima

López³

et al. 2018

J of Pharm Policy and Pract

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BackgroundTo analyse trends in the rates of consumption of benzodiazepine (BZD) anxiolytics, BZD hypnotics and non-BZD hypnotics and the association with contextual factors.MethodsDescriptive time series study. Units of analysis were monthly dose per inhabitant per day (DID) and dose per medical card per day(DCD) of benzodiazepine(BZD anxiolytics(BZD-A), BZD hypnotics(BZD-H) and non-BZD hypnotics(Non-BZD-H) between January 2006-December 2015. We analysed 6 primary healthcare districts(PHD) and used defined daily doses (DDDs) to calculate the monthly DIDs(overall and by ATC group). Trends and monthly percentage change (MPC) were analysed through joinpoint regression.ResultsThe annual DID increased by 26% overall, the trend was different across ATC groups. Consumption in BZD-A and BZD-H increased (27.1%,61.9%), consumption in Non-BZD-H decreased by 35%. There was high variability in DCD across the PHD, with an overall increase of 10.2%(5.7%-22.9%). By ATC, DCD increased by 10.4% in BZD-A(4.2%-22.2%) and by 44.2% in BZD-H(33.2%-76.5%). The overall DCD in the Non-BZD-H decreased by 42.1%(19.7%-50.8%). We found an initial upward trend in consumption of BZD-A until April/2008(monthly percentage change –MPC- +0.5%), followed by a slightly slower increase (+0.1%). No changes in trend were detected in BZD-H. In Non-BZD-H, we observed an upward trend until February/2013(+0.1%), followed by a sharp decrease until August/2013(−6.3%), and finally a slight decrease(−0.3%).ConclusionsBZD consumption has increased in the last decade, with variability across areas. The changes in trends do not coincide with the financial crisis, introduction of prescriptions by active ingredient, electronic prescriptions or copayment. The only decrease in the Non-BZD-H may be linked to an intervention.

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“…However, an increase in depression (0.8% increase between 2009–2010 and 2011–2012) could not fully explain the upsurge in the prescription of antidepressants [ 25 ]. During the period 2000–2011 [ 23 , 26 ], an increase in the use of anxiolytics and hypnotics was reported in Spain c , while for the period 2000–2012 there was an increase in the use of antidepressant drugs [ 10 , 11 , 27 ]. It should be noted that although these increases are greater than those produced in other European countries over the same time period [ 26 ], the average consumption of anxiolytics is higher in Spain than in other European countries [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Financial Crisis on Psychotropic Drug Consumption in a Cohort from a Semi-Urban Region in Catalonia, Spain

et al. 2016

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PurposeEvidence of whether the recent economic crisis has or has not had an effect on psychotropic drug consumption is very scarce. Our objective was to determine if there had in fact been an increase in psychotropic drug use as a result of the financial crisis.MethodsIn our study a retrospective cohort (between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2012) was made up of individuals from the general population in a region in the northeast of Catalonia, Spain. We specified a generalized linear mixed model along with combined ‘selection on observables’ as (propensity scoring) matching and ‘selection on unobservables’ as (random coefficient) the panel data model methods, and performed inferences using a Bayesian framework.ResultsIn the period following the economic crisis (post 2009), there was an increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs which was significantly higher among those who had already been consuming psychotropic drugs prior to 2009 and those most likely to be unemployed. The increase was of greater significance when consumption was measured by the number of drugs being taken, rather than by the defined daily dose (DDD), with the greatest increase occurring in 2011; the very year in which Spain was most affected by the crisis.ConclusionsOnce the financial crisis had ended, there was an increase in the severity, rather than the intensity, of mental health disorders in individuals who had already had disorders before the crisis. This increase occurred in those most likely to be unemployed, and the severity was accentuated in the toughest year of the economic crisis.

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Evolución del uso de medicamentos ansiolíticos e hipnóticos en España durante el período 2000-2011

Abstract: A considerable increase in anxiolytics and hypnotics´ consumption has occurred in Spain during the last decade, being the growth higher than that reported in other European countries.

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Time Trend in Psychotropic Medication Use in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Time Trend in Psychotropic Medication Use in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Analysis of changes in trends in the consumption rates of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine-related drugs

Effects of the Financial Crisis on Psychotropic Drug Consumption in a Cohort from a Semi-Urban Region in Catalonia, Spain

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