Evoked potentials during REM sleep reflect dreaming

Miyauchi, Satoru; Takino, Ryosuke; Azakami, Mayumi

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(90)90054-n

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A number of imaging and psychophysiological studies have addressed this issue using a variety of investigative approaches in humans. Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies have found REM-related neural activity in the visual cortex where no such activity was seen after waking saccades in total darkness (Miyauchi et al 1990;Ioannides et al 2004;Ogawa et al 2005). However, the exact location of this activity is still unclear, partly because the inverse problem of estimating the current sources on the basis of EEG/MEG data alone is fundamentally ill-posed, and partly because the deep structural resolution of EEG/MEG is variable (Baillet et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human brain activity time-locked to rapid eye movements during REM sleep

et al. 2008

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To identify the neural substrate of rapid eye movements (REMs) during REM sleep in humans, we conducted simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and polysomnographic recording during REM sleep. Event-related fMRI analysis time-locked to the occurrence of REMs revealed that the pontine tegmentum, ventroposterior thalamus, primary visual cortex, putamen and limbic areas (the anterior cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala) were activated in association with REMs. A control experiment during which subjects made self-paced saccades in total darkness showed no activation in the visual cortex. The REM-related activation of the primary visual cortex without visual input from the retina provides neural evidence for the existence of human pontogeniculo-occipital waves (PGO waves) and a link between REMs and dreaming. Furthermore, the time-course analysis of blood oxygenation level-dependent responses indicated that the activation of the pontine tegmentum, ventroposterior thalamus and primary visual cortex started before the occurrence of REMs. On the other hand, the activation of the putamen and limbic areas accompanied REMs. The activation of the parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala simultaneously with REMs suggests that REMs and/or their generating mechanism are not merely an epiphenomenon of PGO waves, but may be linked to the triggering activation of these areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human brain activity time-locked to rapid eye movements during REM sleep

et al. 2008

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“…Rapid eye movements (REMs) during REM sleep are analogous to saccades in shape. It is known that both types of eye movements are followed by two positive brain potentials, P1 and P2 1,2 . In wakefulness, these potentials are called ‘the lambda response’ and are assumed to reflect postsaccadic visual information processing 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the lambda-like response in rapid eye movement sleep: A current source-density analysis

Ogawa

Nittono

Hori

2003

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

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Lambda response (P1 and P2) reflects visual information processing after saccades in wakefulness. Similar potentials also occur after rapid eye movements (REMs) in REM sleep. In this study, current source density (CSD) maps of these potentials were compared. Sixteen healthy, young volunteers participated in the wake and sleep sessions. Saccades were recorded during a self‐paced visual search task, and REMs were recorded during natural nocturnal sleep. The P1 showed a focus of CSD at the occipital site (Oz) in wakefulness but at the parieto‐occipital site (POz) in REM sleep. The P2 had a CSD focus at POz in both states. These results suggest the cortical sources of the P1 after rapid eye movements differ between REM sleep and wakefulness.

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“…Additionally, favouring these results and suggesting the possibility of visual content, there are descriptions of rapid eye movements (REMs) in blind subjects, since in sighted subjects' dreams are associated with the presence of rapid eye movements 19,20,21,22,23 . However the controversy persists.…”

Section: Oneiric Dream Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons the recall/visual content binomial assumes a particular relevance in the dreams of blind subjects. The works that consider that blind subjects do not have visual dream contents 17 , were contradicted by several studies, namely by one from our group 18 , which demonstrated that blind people do have the ability to draw their own dreams and, furthermore, showed negative correlations in the occipital area between visual content and EEG alpha power.Additionally, favouring these results and suggesting the possibility of visual content, there are descriptions of rapid eye movements (REMs) in blind subjects, since in sighted subjects' dreams are associated with the presence of rapid eye movements 19,20,21,22,23 . However the controversy persists.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Eye Movements (REMs) and visual dream recall in both congenitally blind and sighted subjects

Bértolo

Mestre

Barrio

et al. 2017

Third International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics

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Our objective was to evaluate rapid eye movements (REMs) associated with visual dream recall in sighted subjects and congenital blind. During two consecutive nights polysomnographic recordings were performed at subjects home. REMs were detected by visual inspection on both EOG channels (EOG-H, EOG-V) and further classified as occurring isolated or in bursts. Dream recall was defined by the existence of a dream report. The two groups were compared using t-test and also the two-way ANOVA and a post-hoc Fisher test (for the features diagnosis (blind vs. sighted) and dream recall (yes or no) as a function of time). The average of REM awakenings per subject and the recall ability were identical in both groups. CB had a lower REM density than CS; the same applied to REM bursts and isolated eye movements. In the two-way ANOVA, REM bursts and REM density were significantly different for positive dream recall, mainly for the CB group and for diagnosis; furthermore for both features significant results were obtained for the interaction of time, recall and diagnosis; the interaction of recall and time was however, stronger. In line with previous findings the data show that blind have lower REMs density. However the ability of dream recall in congenitally blind and sighted controls is identical. In both groups visual dream recall is associated with an increase in REM bursts and density. REM bursts also show differences in the temporal profile. REM visual dream recall is associated with increased REMs activity. 3,4,5,6,7,8 . Keywords Dream recallThe study of dreams is closely related to the ability to recall them. There are different methods to study the capacity for dream recall: the morning recall by means of brief questionnaires or dream diaries or the recall after dream interruption. Both methods, if applied to frequent dreamers, revealed consistent results 9,10 . However, this consistency does not occur in infrequent dreamers, for whom the capacity for recall is greater in provoked awakenings 10 . , although it does increase with interest, motivation, moodiness and stress 14. The capacity for dream recall is also slightly higher in women.The content of dream recall varies throughout the night. At the beginning of the night daily residues, related to every day's activity predominate, whereas later in the night hallucinatory or complex character narrative is more frequent 11 . Oneiric dream contentRecall is also positively related to the vivacity, bizarreness and emotional content of dreams, which in turn are influenced by the oneiric visual content 15 .In fact, the richness and continuity of the visual content increases the capacity for spontaneous recall 16 . For these reasons the recall/visual content binomial assumes a particular relevance in the dreams of blind subjects. The works that consider that blind subjects do not have visual dream contents 17 , were contradicted by several studies, namely by one from our group 18 , which demonstrated that blind people do have the ability to draw their own dreams and,...

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Evoked potentials during REM sleep reflect dreaming

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Human brain activity time-locked to rapid eye movements during REM sleep

Human brain activity time-locked to rapid eye movements during REM sleep

Topography of the lambda-like response in rapid eye movement sleep: A current source-density analysis

Rapid Eye Movements (REMs) and visual dream recall in both congenitally blind and sighted subjects

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