Evoked-Potential Correlates of Stimulus Uncertainty

Sutton, Samuel; Braren, Margery; Zubin, Joseph; John, E. Roy

doi:10.1126/science.150.3700.1187

Cited by 2,611 publications

(1,360 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This initial deflection is followed by the P1 and N1 components as information propagates through the visual system and perceptual analysis is performed (Heinze et al, 1994; Heinze, Mangun, & Hillyard, 1990; Luck, 1995; Vogel & Luck, 2000). 2 Next, we can observe waveforms elicited by the deployment of covert attention to peripheral targets in the visual field (e.g., the N2pc, Eimer, 1996; Luck & Hillyard, 1994a, 1994b) and components associated with categorization of the visual stimulus (e.g., the N2/P3 complex, Kutas, McCarthy, & Donchin, 1977; Pritchard, Shappell, & Brandt, 1991; Sutton, 1979; Sutton et al, 1965). Waveforms indexing working memory encoding and maintenance are the next to come online (i.e., the P3 and contralateral-delay activity, Donchin, 1981; Vogel & Machizawa, 2004), followed by components elicited during the selection and preparation of the motor response (i.e., the lateralized-readiness potential or LRP, Coles, 1989).…”

Section: Why Erps Are Well Suited To Study Perception and Attention?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials in studies of perception and attention

Woodman

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

252

205

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Due to the precise temporal resolution of electrophysiological recordings, the event-related potential (ERP) technique has proven particularly valuable for testing theories of perception and attention. Here, I provide a brief tutorial of the ERP technique for consumers of such research and those considering the use of human electrophysiology in their own work. My discussion begins with the basics regarding what brain activity ERPs measure and why they are well suited to reveal critical aspects of perceptual processing, attentional selection, and cognition that are unobservable with behavioral methods alone. I then review a number of important methodological issues and often forgotten facts that should be considered when evaluating or planning ERP experiments.

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Section: Why Erps Are Well Suited To Study Perception and Attention?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials in studies of perception and attention

Woodman

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

252

205

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“…The experiment was designed to elicit the P300 ERP (Sutton et al, 1965). The P300 is a parietally distributed EEG potential that occurs around 300 ms after rare occurrences of deviant stimului (called oddballs) embedded in frequent stimuli (called standards).…”

Section: Erp (Event-related Potential) Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An EEG (electroencephalogram) recording system with carbon wire electrodes for simultaneous EEG-fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) recording

Negishi

Abildgaard

Laufer

et al. 2008

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Simultaneous EEG-fMRI (Electroencephalography-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) recording provides a means for acquiring high temporal resolution electrophysiological data and high spatial resolution metabolic data of the brain in the same experimental runs. Carbon wire electrodes (not metallic EEG electrodes with carbon wire leads) are suitable for simultaneous EEG-fMRI recording, because they cause less RF (radio-frequency) heating and susceptibility artifacts than metallic electrodes. These characteristics are especially desirable for recording the EEG in high field MRI scanners. Carbon wire electrodes are also comfortable to wear during long recording sessions. However, carbon electrodes have high electrode-electrolyte potentials compared to widely used Ag/ AgCl (silver/silver-chloride) electrodes, which may cause slow voltage drifts. This paper introduces a prototype EEG recording system with carbon wire electrodes and a circuit that suppresses the slow voltage drift. The system was tested for the voltage drift, RF heating, susceptibility artifact, and impedance, and was also evaluated in a simultaneous ERP (event-related potential)-fMRI experiment.

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“…The impact of salient stimulus processing on brain electrical activity was first described by Sutton et al (1965), who demonstrated that infrequently-presented taskrelevant stimuli ("oddballs") produce a sequence of time-locked electrical components, the …”

Section: Orienting; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Brain; Psychology; Comentioning

confidence: 99%

The hemodynamics of oddball processing during single-tone and two-tone target detection tasks

Stevens

Laurens

Liddle

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Event-related potential (ERP) studies have shown that the neural systems engaged during performance of oddball tasks are sensitive to contextual manipulations, such as the number of stimulus classes. Some ERP components (i.e., N1) are modulated by the number of stimulus types, while others (i.e., P3) are not greatly affected. However, little is known about how these contextual manipulations affect the hemodynamics underlying oddball processing. The purpose of this study was to examine the hemodynamic correlates of target stimulus processing in singletone (targets alone) and two-tone (targets and standard tones) auditory oddball tasks. The primary hypothesis was that processing of salient stimuli in both contextual conditions would engage the same spatially distributed cortical and subcortical networks observed in previous oddball fMRI studies. Results were consistent with this hypothesis and suggest that the brain engages many potentially useful brain regions during salient stimulus processing despite the low probability that said regions are necessary for task performance, which likely reflects a form of "adaptive reflexive processing." Results also were consistent with ERP data that shows the N1 is larger for single-tone tasks by showing greater amplitude of hemodynamic response for singletone targets, relative to two tone targets, in bilateral temporal cortex and bilateral inferior lateral frontal cortex. The results are discussed as they relate to the understanding of neurocognitive function pertaining to contextual manipulations in general, and orienting processes in particular. Keywords ORIENTING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; BRAIN; PSYCHOLOGY; COGNITIONThe neural systems underlying processing of low probability target stimuli have been studied for over four decades. The impact of salient stimulus processing on brain electrical activity was first described by Sutton et al. (1965), who demonstrated that infrequently-presented taskrelevant stimuli ("oddballs") produce a sequence of time-locked electrical components, the NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript most prominent of which is a large positive potential that peaks approximately 300 milliseconds following the stimulus onset. This late event-related potential (ERP), termed the P300 or P3, is thought to reflect stimulus evaluation/categorization, and cognitive processes necessary to update mental models of context within working memory (Donchin & Coles, 1988). Since Sutton et al's seminal study, numerous reports have been published that detail how contextual manipulations in the oddball paradigm (e.g., manipulations of stimulus probability, inter-trial interval, sensory modality, etc.) modulate the latency, amplitude or topographic distribution of the P3 .One contextual manipulation to the oddball task is to alter the number of stimulus classes presented within the task. Researchers most commonly use oddball tasks having either twostimulus classes (low probability targets juxtaposed with frequent standards) or ...

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Evoked-Potential Correlates of Stimulus Uncertainty

Cited by 2,611 publications

References 5 publications

A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials in studies of perception and attention

A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials in studies of perception and attention

An EEG (electroencephalogram) recording system with carbon wire electrodes for simultaneous EEG-fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) recording

The hemodynamics of oddball processing during single-tone and two-tone target detection tasks

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