Abstract:The aim of this paper is to verify whether Brazilian companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA used earnings management via operating decisions, when faced with reporting unfavourable results, in order to avoid disclosing losses. Using panel data covering years from 2008 to 2013 in estimated regression models, the paper focuses on three ways of manipulating financial results through operational decisions: by manipulating sales; by reducing selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A); and by increasing produc… Show more
“…In short, the main proxies used for operational EM identified by the researchers are: sales manipulation (Gunny, 2010;Reis et al, 2014Reis et al, , 2015Roychowdhury, 2006); production level (Gunny, 2010;Martinez & Cardoso, 2009; R. Cont. Fin.…”
Section: Oemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…-USP, São Paulo, v. 32, n. 85, p. 46-64, Jan./Apr. 2021 Reis et al, 2014Reis et al, , 2015Roychowdhury, 2006;Santos et al, 2011); discretionary expenses (Gunny, 2010;Martinez & Cardoso, 2009;Reis et al, 2015;Roychowdhury, 2006;Santos et al, 2011); sale of fixed assets and investments (Gunny, 2010); and research and development (R&D) expenses (Gunny, 2010).…”
The aim of this study was to verify whether the discretionary actions of managers to manage earnings can be captured by abnormal book-tax differences (ABTD). In Brazil, there are no studies with the disaggregated use of earnings management (EM) through operational choices as a proxy for discretionary decisions to be captured by ABTD. Moreover, the previous studies focus on the period before the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were required in Brazil or when they were still being implemented, which may change the context of earnings management in the country and, consequently, the relationship with ABTD. This study is relevant for accounting information users, such as investors, creditors, the tax authorities, and regulatory bodies, as the findings may help them to identify manager opportunism through earnings management. The identification that tax management can be affected by EM through accounting and operational decisions reveals that investors, creditors, the tax authorities, regulators, and auditors should remain vigilant against deteriorations in accounting information quality and, consequently, in the utility of that information. An analysis of 201 non-financial companies was carried out, covering 2012 to 2016, thus totaling 1,005 observations. Five panel data regression models were used: three to capture EM, one to identify ABTD, and one to relate these variables. A significant and positive relationship was revealed between accounting and operational EM and ABTD, indicating that companies that manage earnings upward have positive ABTD, and companies that manage earnings downward have negative ABTD. This research therefore contributes to identifying that ABTD captures the discretionary actions of managers related to EM through accounting and operational decisions.
“…In short, the main proxies used for operational EM identified by the researchers are: sales manipulation (Gunny, 2010;Reis et al, 2014Reis et al, , 2015Roychowdhury, 2006); production level (Gunny, 2010;Martinez & Cardoso, 2009; R. Cont. Fin.…”
Section: Oemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…-USP, São Paulo, v. 32, n. 85, p. 46-64, Jan./Apr. 2021 Reis et al, 2014Reis et al, , 2015Roychowdhury, 2006;Santos et al, 2011); discretionary expenses (Gunny, 2010;Martinez & Cardoso, 2009;Reis et al, 2015;Roychowdhury, 2006;Santos et al, 2011); sale of fixed assets and investments (Gunny, 2010); and research and development (R&D) expenses (Gunny, 2010).…”
The aim of this study was to verify whether the discretionary actions of managers to manage earnings can be captured by abnormal book-tax differences (ABTD). In Brazil, there are no studies with the disaggregated use of earnings management (EM) through operational choices as a proxy for discretionary decisions to be captured by ABTD. Moreover, the previous studies focus on the period before the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were required in Brazil or when they were still being implemented, which may change the context of earnings management in the country and, consequently, the relationship with ABTD. This study is relevant for accounting information users, such as investors, creditors, the tax authorities, and regulatory bodies, as the findings may help them to identify manager opportunism through earnings management. The identification that tax management can be affected by EM through accounting and operational decisions reveals that investors, creditors, the tax authorities, regulators, and auditors should remain vigilant against deteriorations in accounting information quality and, consequently, in the utility of that information. An analysis of 201 non-financial companies was carried out, covering 2012 to 2016, thus totaling 1,005 observations. Five panel data regression models were used: three to capture EM, one to identify ABTD, and one to relate these variables. A significant and positive relationship was revealed between accounting and operational EM and ABTD, indicating that companies that manage earnings upward have positive ABTD, and companies that manage earnings downward have negative ABTD. This research therefore contributes to identifying that ABTD captures the discretionary actions of managers related to EM through accounting and operational decisions.
“…O presente trabalho trata do gerenciamento para evitar divulgar perdas, que é um gerenciamento referente às decisões operacionais do tipo target earnings. Martinez (2001), Goulart (2007), Maia et al (2013, Reis (2015) e Bressan, et al (2015a) investigaram o gerenciamento de resultados com vistas a evitar divulgar perdas. Martinez (2001) buscou evidenciar empiricamente que as empresas de capital aberto brasileiras gerenciavam seus resultados em consequência aos estímulos do mercado de capitais e confirmou as evidências de que estas empresas evitaram divulgar perdas anuais e trimestrais para o período compreendido dos anos de 1995 a 1999.…”
Este artigo se propõe a verificar se as cooperativas incorrem na prática de gerenciamento de resultados com vistas a evitar divulgar perdas. Também, pretende-se analisar a relação entre eficiência e este tipo de gerenciamento de resultados nestas instituições a fim de compreender a adoção dessas práticas com finalidades estratégicas. Para tal, utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado, numa amostra composta por 90 observações referentes às cooperativas ligadas à Confederação Nacional das Cooperativas Centrais Unicred’s (UNICRED), no período de 2009 a 2014. Os resultados indicaram que há relação entre o gerenciamento de resultados para evitar divulgar perdas e os escores de eficiência nas cooperativas de crédito. A faixa de eficiência que mais gerenciou seus resultados a fim de evitar divulgar perdas foi a de eficiência na faixa mediana.
“…Portanto, as empresas utilizando período trimestral estão mais propensas a evitar divulgar perdas incorridas no período. A temática gerenciamento de resultados é recorrente na literatura, tendo Hepworth (1953) Este estudo é norteado pelo primeiro tipo de gerenciamento target earning, por meio de decisões operacionais o Real Earning Management, ou 'real gerenciamento de resultados' também intitulado gerenciamento de resultados por meio de atividades reais (GUNNY, 2005;REIS;LAMOUNIER;BRESSAN, 2015). Quando os mecanismos de controle (auditores, órgãos reguladores, entre outros) são insuficientes, surgem oportunidades para os gestores manipularem os resultados com a intenção de atingir metas em relação ao resultado reportado (HEALY;WAHLEN, 1999).…”
Edsonei pelo incentivo, apoio, paciência com minha, pelo compartilhamento nesta trajetória em especial aos meus afilhados Marco Antônio e Andreia que sempre estava disposta a me ouvir com tanto carinho e respeito até mesmo nas minhas angústias, Amanda pelo seu nascimento que me encheu de alegria. A todos os colegas do mestrado em especial aos da minha linha de concentração: Brendha,
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