Evisceration following Abdominal Scarification in Neonates

Emordi, Victor Chekwube; Aisien, E; Osagie, O; Osifo, OD

doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx042

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It was done with the belief that branding will remove the bad blood. 12 There are reports of squamous cell carcinoma developing at the sites of branding in cattle and sheep. This needs to be evaluated in children on a long term follow up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branding in Children- A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

Harsha¹

2020

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Inflicting burns on skin of children or branding is a harmful practice still prevalent in India. This study was done to evaluate the branding practices, both old and new/fresh, in children attending a rural tertiary care hospital. METHODS This is a cross sectional study conducted among children attending Outpatient Department (OPD) and in-patients (IP) of PES Hospital, Kuppam from April 2015 to September 2015. RESULTS A total of 96 children [both outpatients (OPD) and in-patients (IP)] with old and new branding were included in the study. Male babies with branding were 64.58%, old branding marks were seen in 85.54% and fresh branding marks in 11.46%. Four circular branding marks on abdomen (one around umbilicus, one each in epigastric region, right and left lateral side of umbilicus in lumbar regions) was the most common variety observed. New/Fresh branding was done most commonly for children with seizures. CONCLUSIONS Branding is most commonly done in infancy which can be dangerous. Fresh branding is most commonly done for seizures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branding in Children- A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

Harsha¹

2020

jebmh

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“…There is no formal education required to be qualified to inflict scarifications whether therapeutic or otherwise [35][36][37]. The skill appears to be passed on in the family as no formal schooling is necessary to acquire the skill, of instruments or preparations to prevent complications such as bleeding, infections like tetanus, HIV, and hepatitis B as well as serious complications such as evisceration abdominal contents and death are not considered [9][10][11]. Post-procedure care of the wound is also poor perhaps deliberately so that the wound will heal with a visible scar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several documented complications of this practice including transmitting different pathogens such as hepatitis and HIV infection [9][10][11]42]. development of unsightly keloidal masses (figure 1) [43], cutaneous sarcoidosis [44,45], bleeding, the evisceration of abdominal contents in infants [10], and even deaths [46]. However, 50% of our respondents are blissfully unaware of any of these complications associated with the practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the indications for 'Ude' include splenomegaly; hepatomegaly; ascites; abdominal distention of various causes; and other medical conditions that the diagnosis appears obscure to the traditional medical practitioners and bloodletting might be seen as the answer [9]. This practice is associated with considerable morbidity (such as local or generalized infections including tetanus, anemia from blood loss, unsightly scars, and evisceration of abdominal contents [10] and sometimes mortality particularly among children who are often the victims of this tradition [11]. Various reasons are often adduced for engaging in this practice despite the availability of modern treatment options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Allure of Abdominal Scarification (`UDE`) among the Esan Tribe in South-South Nigeria – A Prospective Analysis

Salami

Irekpita

Emorinken

et al. 2020

IJTDH

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Background: The practice of inflicting cuts (incisions) on the anterior abdominal wall to treat splenomegaly of various causes is a very common one in some parts of Edo State, Nigeria. Such incisions may result in several complications including sepsis (especially in children who are the major targets); massive blood loss leading to symptomatic anemia that may require blood transfusions or lead to death and massive keloidal growth as sequelae in some of the patients. This practice is a long-term practice of the Esan people of the central part of Edo State Nigeria. This study aims to identify the factors that continue to make this practice attractive to members of the community, the common complications encountered, and how to develop an advocacy tool for health education and promote the health-seeking behavior of the populace. Methods: This was a prospective community based cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted in all the 5 Esan speaking local government areas of Edo State where this practice is very common. The study was done between January 2017 and June 2018. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire by previously trained researchers, after pretesting and validation. The questionnaire was administered on 700 adults, however, 500 were returned. The data obtained were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Results: The majority of the participants were middle-aged. Ninty-five percent (95%) of respondents were aware of the practice of abdominal scarification and 80% of them think it is effective. It was mainly carried out by herbalists in 95% of the respondents. Half of the respondents were unaware of any complications associated with the procedure. Conclusion: Abdominal scarification is a common practice among the Esan people of south-south Nigeria. They believe it's effective, affordable, and risk-free. This is despite the availability of effective alternatives in orthodox medicine. There is, therefore, a need for advocacy and health education considering the dangers and complications associated with the practice.

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“…The practice of fontanelle fomentation poses health threats to the newborn; however, its respective dangers have least been examined or discussed over the years. In other African countries such as Nigeria, abdominal scarification with razor blades following febrile illnesses is a traditional neonatal practice that sometimes lead to evisceration of intra-abdominal viscera [ 20 ]. In rural Uganda, false tooth extraction performed by traditional healers to resolve fever and diarrhoea is associated with anaemia and septicaemia [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot fomentation of newborn fontanelles as an indigenous practice in Ghana: implications for policy and integrated community-based health care in Covid-19 pandemic and beyond

Ani-Amponsah

Richter

Adam

et al. 2023

Int J Equity Health

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Objective African newborns undergo numerous traditional and religious practices ranging from fontanelle fomentation to total head shaving, scalp molding, skin scarification and ano-genital irrigation which can negatively impact the health of neonates. Hot fomentation of fontanelles has been a predominant indigenous home-based postnatal practice in Ghana and among Africans in the diaspora. Mobility restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted direct access to facility-based care as well as home care. The flourishing of newborn traditional practices among African populations during this Covid-19 pandemic offers opportunities to rethink the provision of family healthcare support for newborns during the ongoing pandemic and beyond. Hence, the aim of this critical review was to examine and describe a common indigenous practice—hot fontanelle fomentation to inform home birth support, discharge planning, and the delivery of optimal home-based care support. Study design This study is a review of literature on hot fomentation of newborn fontanelles. Methods Literature search in CINAHL, PubMed, African Index Medicus and Scopus, was conducted and evidence synthesised from articles ranging from 1983–2022. Sixty articles were reviewed; however, 10 manuscripts were excluded prior to screening. The other 19 were exempted because they were either below 1983 or were not the best fit for the study purpose. In all, 31 studies were included in the study. The study was guided by Madeleine Leininger’s Culture Care Diversity and Universality care theory. Results The current study identifies hot fomentation of newborn fontanelles practices in Ghana, the description of hot fomentation practices and the dangers associated with it. The findings and suggested ways to help overcome this challenge. Conclusion There are several neonatal indigenous practices including fontanelle fomentation which pose threat to the health of the neonate as discussed in this study. Future research needs to investigate innovative ways of fontanelle fomentation where necessary instead of the use of hot water by mothers, especially in this Covid-19 pandemic where health and mobility restrictions impact physical access to timely health care. This research will help educate mothers about the dangers of fontanel fomentation and reduce the practice, especially in rural areas of developing countries. This could help reduce neonatal mortality and unnecessary healthcare costs.

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Evisceration following Abdominal Scarification in Neonates

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Branding in Children- A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

Branding in Children- A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

The Allure of Abdominal Scarification (`UDE`) among the Esan Tribe in South-South Nigeria – A Prospective Analysis

Hot fomentation of newborn fontanelles as an indigenous practice in Ghana: implications for policy and integrated community-based health care in Covid-19 pandemic and beyond

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