Evidence That Environmental and Familial Risks for Psychosis Additively Impact a Multidimensional Subthreshold Psychosis Syndrome

Pries, L.-K.; Gülöksüz, Sinan; Have, Margreet ten; Graaf, Ron de; Dorsselaer, Saskia van; Günther, Nicole; Rauschenberg, Christian; Reininghaus, Ulrich; Radhakrishnan, Rajiv; Bak, Maarten; Rutten, Bart P. F.; Os, Jim van

doi:10.1093/schbul/sby051

Cited by 64 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…These results echo recent findings from our line of research showing that CA is not exclusively associated with a specific mental disorder category, but rather with multidimensional psychopathology (cutting across diagnostic categories) in the general population, such as psychotic experiences, affective dysregulation, and negative symptoms (52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57). Therefore, it is plausible to conceptualize that the sensitivity to daily-life stressors is molded by previous exposure to significant life stressors as discussed in the models of diathesis-stress (14) and sensory processing sensitivity (58).…”

Section: Stress Exposure and Emotional Processessupporting

confidence: 89%

Interaction between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and childhood adversity influences daily-life emotional dysregulation and psychosis proneness

Pries

Klingenberg

Menne-Lothmann

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractBackgroundThe earliest stages of the pluripotent psychopathology on the pathway to psychotic disorders is represented by emotional dysregulation and subtle psychosis expression, which can be measured using the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). However, it is not clear to what degree common genetic and environmental risk factors for psychosis contribute to variation in these early expressions of psychopathology.MethodsIn this largest ever EMA study of a general population twin cohort including 593 adolescents and young adults between the ages of 15 and 35 years, we tested whether polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PRS-S) interacts with childhood adversity (the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score) and daily-life stressors to influence momentary mental state domains (negative affect, positive affect, and subtle psychosis expression) and stress-sensitivity measures.ResultsBoth childhood adversity and daily-life stressors were associated with increased negative affect, decreased positive affect, and increased subtle psychosis expression, while PRS-S was only associated with increased positive affect. No gene–environment correlation was detected. We have provided novel evidence for interaction effects between PRS-S and childhood adversity to influence momentary mental states [negative affect (b = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.13, P = 0.013), positive affect (b = −0.05, 95% CI −0.10 to −0.00, P = 0.043), and subtle psychosis expression (b = 0.11, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.19, P = 0.007)] and stress-sensitivity measures.ConclusionExposure to childhood adversities, particularly in individuals with high PRS-S, is pleiotropically associated with emotional dysregulation and psychosis proneness.

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Section: Stress Exposure and Emotional Processessupporting

confidence: 89%

Interaction between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and childhood adversity influences daily-life emotional dysregulation and psychosis proneness

Pries

Klingenberg

Menne-Lothmann

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Further authors agreed with absence of distress and defined psychotic experiences as incorporating ‘a broader definition of psychotic phenomena than psychotic ‘symptoms’, such that the experiences do not have to be distressing’ and as part of the psychosis phenotype continuum . Another explained psychotic experiences as ‘the attenuated form of positive psychosis expression’ in the relationship between psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders . Other definitions include ‘delusions and perceptual abnormalities that exist along a phenotypic continuum with psychotic disorders lying on the extreme end’ and ‘subthreshold expressions of the extended psychosis phenotype’ …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychotic experiences are in the general population, [2][3][4]11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] transient, 21 and risk factors for psychotic disorders 3,4,13,15,18,[20][21][22][23][24][25] and other mental disorders 2,21 alongside impaired functioning. 2,15,21 Many regarded psychotic experiences as on the continuum of psychosis or psychotic symptoms, 3,21,23,[25][26][27][28] and included hallucinations, 28,29 or both hallucinations and delusions, 2,15,16,[30][31][32][33][34] alongside thought interference.…”

Section: Common Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Another explained psychotic experiences as 'the attenuated form of positive psychosis expression' in the relationship between psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders. 4 Other definitions include 'delusions and perceptual abnormalities that exist along a phenotypic continuum with psychotic disorders lying on the extreme end' 20 and 'subthreshold expressions of the extended psychosis phenotype'. 38 symptoms of psychotic disorders 44,53 and transient.…”

Section: Psychotic Experiences Distress and The Psychosis Continuummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiences which resemble psychotic disorder symptoms but are less severe or not associated with impairment and distress are increasingly acknowledged. 1 They are found within the community, 2,3 at-risk populations, 4 psychotic prodrome, 5,6 and at the mild end of the psychotic continuum. 3,7 These phenomena have been termed 'attenuated psychotic symptoms', 1,8 'subclinical psychotic experiences', 9 and other phrases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Terminology and assessment tools of psychosis: A systematic narrative review

Seiler

Nguyen

Yung

et al. 2020

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Phenomena within the psychosis continuum that varies in frequency/duration/intensity have been increasingly identified. Different terms describe these phenomena, however there is no standardization within the terminology. This review evaluated the definitions and assessment tools of seven terms – (i) ‘psychotic experiences’; (ii) ‘psychotic‐like experiences’; (iii) ‘psychotic‐like symptoms’; (iv) ‘attenuated psychotic symptoms’; (v) ‘prodromal psychotic symptoms’; (vi) ‘psychotic symptomatology’; and (vii) ‘psychotic symptoms’. Methods EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL were searched during February–March 2019. Inclusion criteria included 1989–2019, full text, human, and English. Papers with no explicit definition or assessment tool, duplicates, conference abstracts, systematic reviews, meta‐analyses, or no access were excluded. Results A total of 2238 papers were identified and of these, 627 were included. Definitions and assessment tools varied, but some trends were found. Psychotic experiences and psychotic‐like experiences were transient and mild, found in the general population and those at‐risk. Psychotic‐like symptoms were subthreshold and among at‐risk populations and non‐psychotic mental disorders. Attenuated psychotic symptoms were subthreshold but associated with distress, risk, and help‐seeking. Prodromal psychotic symptoms referred to the prodrome of psychotic disorders. Psychotic symptomatology included delusions and hallucinations within psychotic disorders. Psychotic symptoms was the broadest term, encompassing a range of populations but most commonly involving hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, and disorganization. Discussion A model for conceptualizing the required terms is proposed and future directions needed to advance this field of research are discussed.

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Association of Recent Stressful Life Events With Mental and Physical Health in the Context of Genomic and Exposomic Liability for Schizophrenia

Pries

Have

et al. 2020

JAMA Psychiatry

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IMPORTANCEBoth adulthood stressful life events (SLEs) and liability for schizophrenia have been associated with poor mental and physical health in the general population, but their interaction remains to be elucidated to improve population-based health outcomes. OBJECTIVE To test whether recent SLEs interact with genetic and environmental liability for schizophrenia in models of mental and physical health. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and IncidenceStudy-2 is a population-based prospective cohort study designed to investigate the prevalence, incidence, course, and consequences of mental disorders in the Dutch general population.

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Evidence That Environmental and Familial Risks for Psychosis Additively Impact a Multidimensional Subthreshold Psychosis Syndrome

Abstract: Risk factors may not be directly associated with PE but additively give rise to a multidimensional subthreshold state anticipating the multidimensional clinical syndrome. Early motivational and cognitive impairments in the context of PE may be reducible to affective dysregulation.

Cited by 64 publications

References 73 publications

Interaction between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and childhood adversity influences daily-life emotional dysregulation and psychosis proneness

Interaction between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and childhood adversity influences daily-life emotional dysregulation and psychosis proneness

Terminology and assessment tools of psychosis: A systematic narrative review

Association of Recent Stressful Life Events With Mental and Physical Health in the Context of Genomic and Exposomic Liability for Schizophrenia

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