Evidence that elevated CO2 reduces resistance to the European large raspberry aphid in some raspberry cultivars

Martin, P.; Johnson, Scott N.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01544.x

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…With respect to insect vectors, elevated CO 2 may accelerate the breakdown of R gene-mediated resistance in Rubus idaeus when that plant is attacked by the aphid Amphorophora idaei (Martin and Johnson, 2011). In contrast, we did not find any significant effect of elevated CO 2 on the resistance of Mi-1.2 plants against B. tabaci whether the insect was feeding on virus-infected or healthy plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contrasting Effects of Elevated CO2 on TYLCV Infection of Tomato Genotypes with and without the Resistance Gene, Mi-1.2

et al. 2016

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 typically enhances photosynthesis of C3 plants and alters primary and secondary metabolites in plant tissue. By modifying the defensive signaling pathways in host plants, elevated CO2 could potentially affect the interactions between plants, viruses, and insects that vector viruses. R gene-mediated resistance in plants represents an efficient and highly specific defense against pathogens and herbivorous insects. The current study determined the effect of elevated CO2 on tomato plants with and without the nematode resistance gene Mi-1.2, which also confers resistance to some sap-sucking insects including whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Furthermore, the subsequent effects of elevated CO2 on the performance of the vector whiteflies and the severity of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) were also determined. The results showed that elevated CO2 increased the biomass, plant height, and photosynthetic rate of both the Moneymaker and the Mi-1.2 genotype. Elevated CO2 decreased TYLCV disease incidence and severity for Moneymaker plants but had the opposite effect on Mi-1.2 plants whether the plants were agroinoculated or inoculated via B. tabaci feeding. Elevated CO2 increased the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent signaling pathway on Moneymaker plants but decreased the SA-signaling pathway on Mi-1.2 plants when infected by TYLCV. Elevated CO2 did not significantly affect B. tabaci fitness or the ability of viruliferous B. tabaci to transmit virus regardless of plant genotype. The results indicate that elevated CO2 increases the resistance of Moneymaker plants but decreases the resistance of Mi-1.2 plants against TYLCV, whether the plants are agroinoculated or inoculated by the vector. Our results suggest that plant genotypes containing the R gene Mi-1.2 will be more vulnerable to TYLCV and perhaps to other plant viruses under elevated CO2 conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contrasting Effects of Elevated CO2 on TYLCV Infection of Tomato Genotypes with and without the Resistance Gene, Mi-1.2

et al. 2016

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“…However, there is evidence that elevated CO 2 could compromise crop resistance to some insect pests (Zavala et al 2008(Zavala et al , 2009. Most recently, this has been reported for resistance in red raspberry (Rubus idaei) to the European large raspberry aphid (Amphorophora idaei) (Martin and Johnson 2010 Martin and Johnson (2010) reported that under elevated CO 2 , the number of aphids on a cultivar containing A 1 resistance (McMenemy et al 2009) became equivalent to an entirely susceptible cultivar (Fig. 2a), with corresponding increases in body mass (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Climate Change On Vectors Of Crop Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Lowercase superscripts indicate statistically significant (P \ 0.05) differences. Reproduced from Martin and Johnson (2010) changes (Harrington et al , 2007. This may be balanced by the fecundity of parasitic wasps and other predatory insects that feed on them; however, the population dynamics of these species may not respond to climate in the same way.…”

Section: Effects Of Climate Change On Vectors Of Crop Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 98%

Implications of climate change for diseases, crop yields and food security

Newton¹,

Johnson²,

Gregory³

2011

Euphytica

220

116

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Accelerated climate change affects components of complex biological interactions differentially, often causing changes that are difficult to predict. Crop yield and quality are affected by climate change directly, and indirectly, through diseases that themselves will change but remain important. These effects are difficult to dissect and model as their mechanistic bases are generally poorly understood. A combination of integrated modelling from different disciplines and multi-factorial experimentation is needed to advance our understanding and prioritisation of the challenges. This will help prioritise breeding objectives. Food security brings in additional socio-economic, geographical and political factors. Enhancing resilience to the effects of climate change is important for all these systems and functional diversity, particularly in tolerance traits for abiotic and biotic stress, is one of the most effective targets for improved sustainability.

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“…Predicting how insect crop pests will respond to global climate change is an important part of increasing crop production for future food security [6]. It has been shown [7] that global climate change can accelerate the breakdown of crop resistance to insect pests. It is anticipated that global climate change could lead to increase in the incidence of blackcurrant through the increased overwintering survival and longer seasonal activity of L. capitella Cl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Abiotic Stress Factors on Blackcurrant Resistance to Pests

Mashkova¹

2017

GEOMATE

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Blackcurrant is one of the most valuable berries in a temperate zone. Lampronia capitalla Cl. is an extremely dangerous pest of blackcurrant in the South Ural region. Abiotic stress factors can significantly reduce blackcurrant resistance to L. capitella Cl. We studied blackcurrant in two areas and in a laboratory. The first area is situated close to a residential area, and a busy motorway is just 100 m from this station. The second area consists of 5 private household plots in an environmentally clean area, far from the city and motorways. We noted that, in the horticultural selection station, L. capitella Cl. population explosion was often three times more than in the household plots. We compared the growth of L. capitella Cl. larvae in nature and in the laboratory at different temperatures. The experiment lasted for 7 days at +25 °С in the laboratory, and for more than 13 days at daily average temperatures of +9.7 °… +15.1 °С in private household plots. We discovered that the larvae's harmfulness increases at temperatures less than +25 °С. Under the influence of anthropogenic stress coefficient of assimilated food was higher than in clean areas because there is the low immunity of blackcurrant in adverse environmental conditions.

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Evidence that elevated CO2 reduces resistance to the European large raspberry aphid in some raspberry cultivars

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

The Contrasting Effects of Elevated CO2 on TYLCV Infection of Tomato Genotypes with and without the Resistance Gene, Mi-1.2

The Contrasting Effects of Elevated CO2 on TYLCV Infection of Tomato Genotypes with and without the Resistance Gene, Mi-1.2

Implications of climate change for diseases, crop yields and food security

Influence of Abiotic Stress Factors on Blackcurrant Resistance to Pests

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