Evidence of strain-mode-related cortical adaptation in the diaphysis of the horse radius

Mason, M.W.; Skedros, John G.; Bloebaum, Roy D.

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)00213-w

Cited by 101 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several studies subsequently used this method to quantify the distribution of preferentially oriented collagen and to relate such distributions to existing bone strain data. Studies of the horse radius (Boyde and Riggs, 1990;Mason et al, 1995;Riggs et al, 1993a,b); the macaque circumorbital region (Bromage, 1992); and the calcanei of horse, sheep, and elk (Skedros et al, 1997) helped to support existing hypotheses of the relationship between preferred collagen fiber orientation and mechanical loading. Martin and Ishida (1989), Martin and Boardman (1993), and Riggs et al (1993b) examined several material properties of bone and determined that collagen fiber orientation made the most significant contribution to the overall strength of bone tissue.…”

Section: Polarizing Light Microscopy Of Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone have tended to focus on secondarily remodeled bone and, with a few exceptions (Mason et al, 1995;McMahon et al, 1995;Riggs et al, 1993a;Simkin and Robin, 1974), primary bone tissues remain relatively unexplored in this respect. Three representative patterns of lamellar organization within secondary osteons have been described by Ascenzi and Bonnuci (1968).…”

Section: Background Preferred Collagen Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone

Bromage

Goldman²,

McFarlin

et al. 2003

The Anatomical Record Part B

207

211

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Bone exhibits positive form birefringence dominated by and dependent upon the orientation of its collagen. The biomechanical efficacy of bone as a tissue is largely determined by collagen fibers of preferred orientation and distribution (and corresponding orientation of mineral crystallites), and evidence is accumulating to demonstrate that this efficacy extends to function at the organ level. This study has three aims. The first is to provide a background to the study of circularly polarized light (CPL) investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone. The significance of preferred collagen fiber orientation in bone, linearly polarized light and CPL imaging principles, and a short history of CPL studies of mammalian functional histology are reviewed. The second is to describe, in some detail, methodological considerations relating to specimen preparation and imaging appropriate for the quantitative analysis of preferentially oriented collagen. These include section transparency, section thickness, the uniformity of the illuminating system, and CPL paraphernalia. Finally, we describe a grey-level standard useful for quantitative CPL, based upon mineralized turkey tendon, which shall be provided to investigators upon request. When due consideration is paid to specimen preparation and imaging conditions, quantitative assessment of collagen fiber orientation provides insight into the effects of mechanical loading on the skeleton. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 274B: 157-168, 2003.

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Section: Polarizing Light Microscopy Of Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Preferred Collagen Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone

Bromage

Goldman²,

McFarlin

et al. 2003

The Anatomical Record Part B

207

211

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Differential rates of cortical bone loss were also reported among five different cross sections of the human femoral diaphysis. 8 Recent studies by Skedros and coworkers also found site-specific variations in the microstructural (e.g., osteon density) and geometrical (e.g., cortical area, polar moment of inertia) features in horse radius 16 and mule deer. 17 In this study we investigated the correlation between the microstructural and geometrical properties at two different sections along the male human tibia, as well as their variation with age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been previously shown that bone adaptations are not universal either among or within bones. 8,[11][12][13]16 Martin et al 11 found that the geometrical and microstructural properties changed differently among femur, humerus, and metacarpal in aging men. Ruff and Hayes 12,13 reported variations in the change of geometrical properties with age at different cross sections along both femur and tibia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between microstructural and geometrical adaptation in human cortical bone

Ural

Vashishth

2006

J. Orthop. Res.

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With aging and in disease, the changes in bone microstructure and geometry influence the mechanical properties of cortical bone, however, the level of interaction between the two is not known. Here, we investigate the interaction between the changes in microstructural and geometrical properties of the aging male tibia in proximal and distal middiaphysis. The microstructural measurements include variables related to the size and density of osteons and intracortical porosity. The macroscopic geometrical properties include variables related to bone surfaces (periosteal and endosteal) and cross section (area, moment of inertia). Site-specific correlations were found between the microstructural and geometrical properties along the bone length and at different bone surfaces. In contrast to the proximal middiaphysis of male tibia, where no correlation existed, significant (p < 0.05) correlations were found in the distal middiaphysis of tibia. The changes in parameters partially related to bone formation in the cortex, including the osteonal area, showed positive correlations with an increase in the periosteal diameter. Similarly, parameters related to bone resorption and/or failed formation in the cortex, including porosity and pore size, showed significant correlations with cortical thinning. These findings support the concept that, with aging, anabolic and catabolic responses in the human tibia at microstructural and macrostructural levels are spatially related and site specific. ß

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“…Martin et al [11] found that the anterior region of the equine third metacarpal bone had smaller osteons than the other regions. Mason et al [12] reported that osteon population density (osteons/mm 2 ) of the equine radius was nearly two times as great in the posterior region as in the other three regions. In the present study, we also found the regional variations in osteon areas, which tended to be higher in the medial region of the bones of forelimbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Histometrical Study on the Long Bones of Raccoon Dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides and Badgers, Meles meles.

Hidaka

Matsumoto

Ohsako

et al. 1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To obtain the data required for identification of skeletal remains excavated from archaeological sites, histometrical observations were made in the cross sections of the mid-shaft of humerus, radius, femur and tibia of raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and badgers (Meles meles) captured in Kagoshima Prefecture. There were interspecific differences between both animals in the breadth, the depth and the area of medullary cavity at the mid-shaft of the bones. In badgers, all measurements were greater in male than in female bones. The thickness and the area of compact bones in male raccoon dogs were larger than those of female. No differences in histological structure could be detected among the bones, but an interspecific difference was found in the shape of osteons; round and constant-sized osteons consisting of 3 to 5 lamellae in raccoon dogs, while round or elliptic osteons varying in size from 3 to 8 lamellae in badgers. The ratios, the osteon areas per unit compact bone areas, were higher in all the bones of raccoon dogs. The short diameters of osteons and the ratios were greater in males in both animals. In females, the short diameter of osteons was smaller, and the number of osteons was larger. The results revealed interspecific differences between both animals and sexual dimorphism in each species. -KEY WORDS: badger, bone histometry, interspecific difference, raccoon dog, sexual dimorphism.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60(3): 323-326, 1998 in the present study. The animal with the closed epiphyseal lines of long bones was regarded as adult. Two cross sections (1 mm thick) were obtained from each mid-shaft of the bone. The specimens were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series and embedded in Rigorac, a polyester resin to prepare undecalcified ground sections (30 to 40 µm thick). After the ground sections were observed with a light microscope, 9 items shown in Table 1 with their abbreviations were measured with an image analyzer (Nikon COSMOZONE Is) in each section. NO, DO and RO were measured at the anterior, posterior, medial and lateral regions (1 mm 2 each) of the section of each bone. These data were compared between species, sexes or kinds of bones using Student's t-test. RESULTS Morphometrical observations in cross sections:The values obtained in cross sections of the mid-shaft of each Recently, a number of skeletal remains of animals including those belonging to the canid and mustelid species were excavated from archaeological sites in Kyushu [13]. Only a few complete skeletons were found, however, and most discoveries were bone fragments. In such cases, it is difficult to identify species with bones similar in size. This is particularly true for bones of the limbs of raccoon dogs and badgers. Because the mid-shaft is less characteristic in form as compared with the proximal and distal extremities of the limb bones, macroscopic identification of raccoon dogs and badgers is extremely difficult.A large number of histometrical studies were made on the bones of human [2,3,6,17,18], which described...

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Evidence of strain-mode-related cortical adaptation in the diaphysis of the horse radius

Cited by 101 publications

References 31 publications

Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone

Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone

Interactions between microstructural and geometrical adaptation in human cortical bone

A Histometrical Study on the Long Bones of Raccoon Dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides and Badgers, Meles meles.

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