Evidence of restoration cost in the annual gynodioecious <i>Phacelia dubia</i>

Castillo, Rafael F. del; Trujillo, Sergio Hernández

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01644.x

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Empirical investigations of this parameter remain extremely scarce but both costs on seed production— Plantago lanceolata (de Haan et al. ), Phacelia dubia (Del Castillo and Trujillo ); and on pollen production— Loebelia siphilitica (Bailey ), Beta vulgaris ssp . maritima (Dufay et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Selfing, Inbreeding Depression, and Pollen Limitation Impact Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Gynodioecy: A Model

Dornier

Dufaÿ

2013

EVOLUTION

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Gynodioecy, the co-occurrence of females and hermaphrodites, is often due to conflicting interactions between cytoplasmic male sterility genes and nuclear restorers. Although gynodioecy often occurs in self-compatible species, the effect of self-pollination, inbreeding depression, and pollen limitation acting differently on females and hermaphrodites remains poorly known in the case of nuclear-cytoplasmic gynodioecy (NCG). In this study, we model NCG in an infinite population and we study the effect of selfing rate, inbreeding depression, and pollen limitation on the maintenance of gynodioecy and on sex ratios at equilibrium. We found that selfing and inbreeding depression have a strong impact, which depends on whether restorer cost acts on male or female fitness. When cost affects male fitness, the strength of cost has no effect, whereas selfing and inbreeding depression only impact gynodioecy by modifying the value of the female advantage. When cost affects female fitness, selfing facilitates NCG and reduces the role of strength of the cost, even when no inbreeding depression occurs, whereas inbreeding depression globally restricts the maintenance of the polymorphism. Finally, we found that pollen limitation could additionally strongly modify the dynamic of gynodioecy. We discuss our findings in the light of empirical data available in gynodioecious species. K E Y W O R D S :Cost of restorer, cytoplasmic male sterility, female advantage, gynodioecy, inbreeding depression, pollen limitation, self-fertilization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Selfing, Inbreeding Depression, and Pollen Limitation Impact Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Gynodioecy: A Model

Dornier

Dufaÿ

2013

EVOLUTION

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“…Indeed, these restorers are expected to co-occur with the CMS they restore, because they are counter-selected when the CMS is absent. Such costs have found experimental support in some gynodioecious species (for example Bailey, 2002;Dufay et al, 2008;Del Castillo and Trujillo, 2009), but spatial match between CMS and associated restorers is still debated. Better restoration is found in within-compared with between-population crosses in Thymus vulgaris (Belhassen et al, 1991;Gigord et al, 1998) but not Silene vulgaris (Emery and McCauley, 2002;Bailey and McCauley, 2005), and the level of restoration does not decrease with geographic distance in between-population crosses (Gigord et al, 1998;Bailey and McCauley, 2005).…”

Section: Geographical Pattern In Cms Diversity and Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic determination of male sterility in gynodioecious Silene nutans

et al. 2010

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Gynodioecy, the coexistence of female and hermaphrodite plants within a species, is often under nuclear-cytoplasmic sex determination, involving cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) genes and nuclear restorers. A good knowledge of CMS and restorer polymorphism is essential for understanding the evolution and maintenance of gynodioecy, but reciprocal crossing studies remain scarce. Although mitochondrial diversity has been studied in a few gynodioecious species, the relationship between mitotype diversity and CMS status is poorly known. From a French sample of Silene nutans, a gynodioecious species whose sex determination remains unknown, we chose the four most divergent mitotypes that we had sampled at the cytochrome b gene and tested by reciprocal crosses whether they carry distinct CMS genes. We show that gynodioecy in S. nutans is under nuclear-cytoplasmic control, with at least two different CMSs and up to four restorers with epistatic interactions. Female occurrence and frequency were highly dependent on the mitotype, suggesting that the level of restoration varies greatly among CMSs. Two of the mitotypes, which have broad geographic distributions, represent different CMSs and are very unequally restored. We discuss the dynamics of gynodioecy at the large-scale meta-population level.

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“…Despite its key role in models of sex ratio evolution, there is empirical evidence for a cost of restoration in few gynodioecious species [Plantago lanceolata (de Haan et al, 1997a), Lobelia siphilitica (Bailey, 2002), Beta vulgaris (Dufäy et al, 2008), Phacelia dubia (del Castillo & Trujillo, 2009)]. Because CMS and Rf genes have not been identified in natural populations of any gynodioecious species (reviewed in Delph et al, 2007), these studies used complex crossing designs and ⁄ or molecular markers to infer CMS and Rf genotypes before estimating cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to estimating the cost of male fertility restoration in gynodioecious plants

Case

Caruso

2010

New Phytologist

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Summary• In many gynodioecious plants, sex is determined by cytoplasmic male sterility genes (CMS) and nuclear male fertility restorers (Rf). Models predict that the costs of restoration are important determinants of population sex ratios. However, current approaches to the estimation of these costs require prior identification of CMS genotypes, information that is available for few species.• We tested a novel approach to estimating the cost of restoration in natural populations without determining CMS or Rf genotypes. We used estimates of pollen viability and offspring sex ratios from open-and hand-pollinated families of Lobelia siphilitica to test whether the cost of restoration, expressed as low pollen viability, is higher in populations with more females.• Among populations with CMS, we found that variation in pollen viability was higher in small populations with more females, as expected if the proportion of females within populations increases with the maximum cost of restoration. In controlled crosses, families with low pollen viability also produced fewer females, suggesting that variation in viability is primarily determined by the number and frequency of Rf alleles carried.• This approach to estimating the cost of restoration can be applied to other cytonuclear gynodioecious species, offering new opportunities for testing gynodioecy models in the wild.

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Evidence of restoration cost in the annual gynodioecious Phacelia dubia

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

How Selfing, Inbreeding Depression, and Pollen Limitation Impact Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Gynodioecy: A Model

How Selfing, Inbreeding Depression, and Pollen Limitation Impact Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Gynodioecy: A Model

Genetic determination of male sterility in gynodioecious Silene nutans

A novel approach to estimating the cost of male fertility restoration in gynodioecious plants

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