Evidence of reduced selective attention in schizotypal personality disorder

Breeze, Julian; Kirkham, Alexander James; Marı́-Beffa, Paloma

doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.558495

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Twenty-one studies 18,21,33,51,55,65,72,73,82,84,[86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] including 1708 participants were included. There was no significant effect of overall schizotypy on shifting, at an average effect size of g = 0.06 (z = 0.84, P = .40).…”

Section: Overall Schizotypymentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Schizotypy With Dimensions of Cognitive Control: A Meta-Analysis

Steffens

Meyhöfer

Faßbender

et al. 2018

Schizophrenia Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizotypy is defined as a time-stable multidimensional personality trait consisting of positive, negative, and disorganized facets. Schizotypy is considered as a model system of psychosis, as there is considerable overlap between the 2 constructs. High schizotypy is associated with subtle but fairly widespread cognitive alterations, which include poorer performance in tasks measuring cognitive control. Similar but more pronounced impairments in cognitive control have been described extensively in psychosis. We here sought to provide a quantitative estimation of the effect size of impairments in schizotypy in the updating, shifting, and inhibition dimensions of cognitive control. We included studies of healthy adults from both general population and college samples, which used either categorical or correlative designs. Negative schizotypy was associated with significantly poorer performance on shifting (g = 0.32) and updating (g = 0.11). Positive schizotypy was associated with significantly poorer performance on shifting (g = 0.18). There were no significant associations between schizotypy and inhibition. The divergence in results for positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy emphasizes the importance of examining relationships between cognition and the facets of schizotypy rather than using the overall score. Our findings also underline the importance of more detailed research to further understand and define this complex personality construct, which will also be of importance when applying schizotypy as a model system for psychosis.

show abstract

Section: Overall Schizotypymentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Schizotypy With Dimensions of Cognitive Control: A Meta-Analysis

Steffens

Meyhöfer

Faßbender

et al. 2018

Schizophrenia Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 For a description of the task see Le Pelley et al (2010). 5 For a description of the task see Breeze et al (2011). 6 For a description of the task see Kim et al (2011).…”

Section: Attention Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Prepulse Inhibition Deficits in Psychometrically High Schizotypal Subjects in the General Population: Relevance to Schizophrenia Research

Giakoumaki

2012

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder share common clinical profiles, neurobiological and genetic substrates along with Prepulse Inhibition and cognitive deficits; among those, executive, attention, and memory dysfunctions are more consistent. Schizotypy is considered to be a non-specific "psychosis-proneness," and understanding the relationship between schizotypal traits and cognitive function in the general population is a promising approach for endophenotypic research in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In this review, findings for executive function, attention, memory, and Prepulse Inhibition impairments in psychometrically defined schizotypal subjects have been summarized and compared to schizophrenia patients and their unaffected first-degree relatives. Cognitive flexibility, sustained attention, working memory, and Prepulse Inhibition impairments were consistently reported in high schizotypal subjects in accordance to schizophrenia patients. Genetic studies assessing the effects of various candidate gene polymorphisms in schizotypal traits and cognitive function are promising, further supporting a polygenic mode of inheritance. The implications of the findings, methodological issues, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

show abstract

“…Many individuals with SPD experience acute discomfort with relationships and have difficulty relating to others. SPD is also associated with a pattern of cognitive deficits (Breeze, Kirkham, & Marí‐Beffa, ). A combination of social and cognitive deficits often results in impaired functioning and reduced quality of life.…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Treatment of Adolescents With Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Related Conditions: A Practice-Oriented Review of the Literature

Ryan¹,

Macdonald²,

Walker³

2013

Clin Psychol Sci Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adolescents with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) exhibit a wide range of symptomatology, including cognitive and perceptual abnormalities, suspiciousness, eccentric behavior, cognitive deficits, and social skills deficits. This symptomatology is often accompanied by reduced social and role functioning, comorbid psychopathology, and poor long-term outcomes. Although there is little treatment research for SPD among adolescents, research on the treatment of other schizophrenia spectrum disorders and syndromes (e.g., clinical high risk for psychosis) can be used to inform clinical practice. A review of the literature suggests that a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive training, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, and treatment for any comorbid substance use disorders is currently the best supported treatment plan. Other promising treatments are also discussed.

show abstract

Evidence of reduced selective attention in schizotypal personality disorder

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Association of Schizotypy With Dimensions of Cognitive Control: A Meta-Analysis

Association of Schizotypy With Dimensions of Cognitive Control: A Meta-Analysis

Cognitive and Prepulse Inhibition Deficits in Psychometrically High Schizotypal Subjects in the General Population: Relevance to Schizophrenia Research

The Treatment of Adolescents With Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Related Conditions: A Practice-Oriented Review of the Literature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About