Evidence of natural infection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in vectors and animal hosts – Risk of scrub typhus transmission to humans in Puducherry, South India

Devaraju, Panneer; Arumugam, Bhuvaneswari; Mohan, Iswaryalakshmi; Paraman, Mariselvam; Ashokkumar, Manickam; Kasinathan, Gunasekaran; Jambulingam, Purushothaman

doi:10.4103/ijph.ijph_130_19

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Human cases of Scrub typhus [ 58 ], Leptospirosis [ 59 ] and Salmonellosis [ 60 ] are commonly reported in Puducherry. Our molecular surveys have also confirmed the presence of O. tsutsugamushi in rodents/shrews and their ectoparasitic mite vectors [ [61] , [62] , [63] ], Leptospirosis (unpublished data) and Salmonellosis (current study). Therefore, the enzootic maintenance of pathogens of public health importance and AMR pathogens (derived from human and animals) in these rodents/ shrews poses a great risk of transmission through their secretions and excretions to human and livestock.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Synanthropic rodents and shrews are reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens and act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance spillover in the environment: A study from Puducherry, India

Devanathan,

Mukhopadhyay,

Sihag

et al. 2024

One Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Synanthropic rodents and shrews are reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens and act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance spillover in the environment: A study from Puducherry, India

Devanathan,

Mukhopadhyay,

Sihag

et al. 2024

One Health

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“…The ubiquitous distribution of rickettsioses is well evident in India, with regular reports of scrub typhus (Kumar et al ., 2014) and SFG of rickettsioses such as Indian tick typhus (Tirumala et al ., 2014) and Candidatus Rickettsia kellyi (Rolain et al ., 2006) etc. In our previous study at ICMR‐Vector Control Research Centre, ICMR‐VCRC, molecular screening, revealed the presence of scrub typhus pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi (Devaraju et al ., 2020) and SFG rickettsiae (unpublished data) in the ectoparasites collected from the rodents trapped in selected villages of Puducherry. Chrispal et al ., 2010, have suggested that evidence based decision‐making on Acute undifferentiated febrile illness entirely relies on the region specific epidemiology of the infectious pathogens.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Tel. : +91 0413 2272396; Fax: +91 0413 2272041; E-mail: panneeryadav82@gmail.com of scrub typhus pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi (Devaraju et al, 2020) and SFG rickettsiae (unpublished data) in the ectoparasites collected from the rodents trapped in selected villages of Puducherry. Chrispal et al, 2010, have suggested that evidence based decision-making on Acute undifferentiated febrile illness entirely relies on the region specific epidemiology of the infectious pathogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Candidatus Rickettsia asembonensis in fleas collected from pets and domestic animals in Puducherry, India

Nataraj

Muthuraman

Sundaram

et al. 2020

Medical Vet Entomology

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Rickettsia are obligate intracellular pathogens transmitted by arthropod vectors. The re-emergence of several rickettsioses imposes severe global health burden. In addition to the well-established rickettsial pathogens, newer rickettsial species and their pathogenic potentials are being uncovered. There are many reports of spotted and typhus fever caused by rickettsiae in India. Hence, in this study we screened the ectoparasites of pet and domestic animals for the presence of rickettsia using polymerase chain reaction. Nine cat flea samples (Ctenocephalides felis felis), that tested positive for the presence of rickettsia were subjected to Multi Locus Sequence Typing. Nucleotide sequencing and Phylogenetic analysis of gltA, ompB and 16rrs genes revealed that the rickettsiae detected in cat fleas was Rickettsia asembonensis. Further studies are required to assess Rickettsia asembonensis pathogenic potential to human and its enzootic maintenance of in various hosts and vectors.

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“…in the year 2010 human scrub typhus cases were reported from Pondicherry. Pondicherry, and the adjoining regions of Tamil Nadu recorded the abundance of vector mite, Leptotrombidium deliense, and the pathogen, O. tsutsugamushi in rodents but no reports of human scrub typhus cases (Devaraju et al, 2020) [8] .…”

Section: Scrub Typhusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodent borne zoonoses: A brief review

Ganjeer¹,

Patyal²,

Shakya³

et al. 2021

Pharma Innovation

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Rodents are the most abundant and diversified order of living mammals in the world. Since the middle ages they are known to contribute to human diseases, eg. black rats associated with distribution of plague. In modern times also rodents form a threat for public health and a number of pathogens are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents. Of 2277 extant rodent species, 217 species are reservoirs harboring 66 zoonoses caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, helminths, and protozoa and play a major role in their transmission and spread in different ways. Among the most important diseases in terms of public health are salmonellosis, plague, leptospirosis, leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, rat-bit fever, taeniasis-like Capillaria hepatica, zoonotic babesiosis, Lassa fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), and the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). In addition, Arenaviruses are responsible for South American Hemorrhagic Fevers (SAHF). Rodents may harbor different complex bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium microti, Escherichia coli, agents of Tularemia, Tickborne relapsing fever, Bartonellosis, Listeriosis, Lyme disease, Q fever, Ehrlichiosis and others. Recent changes in the global climate and ecosystem composition led to the spread of rodents and rodent-borne pathogens globally. Rodent control in rural environments relies mainly on the use of rodenticides. Other management methods which can be applied are trapping, habitat management (e.g., proofing, sanitation), and biocontrol (e.g., wild or domestic predators, rodent pathogens).

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Evidence of natural infection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in vectors and animal hosts – Risk of scrub typhus transmission to humans in Puducherry, South India

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Synanthropic rodents and shrews are reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens and act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance spillover in the environment: A study from Puducherry, India

Synanthropic rodents and shrews are reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens and act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance spillover in the environment: A study from Puducherry, India

Molecular detection of Candidatus Rickettsia asembonensis in fleas collected from pets and domestic animals in Puducherry, India

Rodent borne zoonoses: A brief review

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