Evidence of mesospheric bore formation from a breaking gravity wave event: simultaneous imaging and lidar measurements

Smith, S. M.; Friedman, J. S.; Raizada, S.; Tepley, C. A.; Baumgardner, Jeffrey; Mendillo, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2004.11.008

Cited by 57 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…These observational facts lead us to believe that the front should be a mesospheric bore suggested by Dewan and Picard (2001), which is: the presence of an extended bright front, followed by short wavelength wave trains and the presence of wave ducting condition. Several previous works have used the same criteria (Medeiros et al, 2001Smith et al, 2003Smith et al, , 2005She et al, 2004;Fechine et al, 2005). A similar mesospheric wave front has also been observed by Swenson et al (1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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First observation of an undular mesospheric bore in a Doppler duct

et al. 2009

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Abstract. On 1 October 2005, during the SpreadFEx campaign, a distinct mesospheric bore was observed over São João do Cariri (7.4 • S, 36.5 • W), Brazil by using airglow allsky imagers. The event appeared both in the OI5577 and OH emissions, forming a well extended wave front which was followed by short waves from behind. Simultaneous wind and temperature data obtained by the meteor radar and the TIMED/SABER satellite instrument revealed that the bore event occurred during the Doppler ducting condition in the emission layers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Recent papers that reported the occurrence of mesospheric bores with inversion layers (Smith et al, 2003(Smith et al, , 2005 have proposed that the thermal duct would support the wave fronts. In the present case, however, it seems that the wind (the second term of Eq.…”

Section: Propagation Condition For the Mesospheric Frontmentioning

confidence: 99%

First observation of an undular mesospheric bore in a Doppler duct

et al. 2009

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“…Other studies yielded direct evidence for local instabilities suggesting GW "breaking," dissipation, and energy and momentum deposition [e.g., Swenson and Mende, 1994;Hecht et al, 1997;Yamada et al, 2001;Xu et al, 2006;Li et al, 2005Li et al, , 2007. Evidence of GW ducting behavior in the MLT has also been obtained [e.g., Isler et al, 1997;Walterscheid et al, 1999;Simkhada et al, 2009], including large-amplitude events now recognized as mesospheric bores [Taylor et al, 1995a;Dewan et al, 1998;Dewan and Picard, 2001;Medeiros et al, 2001Medeiros et al, , 2005Smith et al, 2003Smith et al, , 2005Smith et al, , 2006She et al, 2004;Fechine et al, 2005;Nielsen et al, 2006;Stockwell et al, 2006Stockwell et al, , 2011Narayanan et al, 2009;Bageston et al, 2011aBageston et al, , 2011bLi et al, 2013].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a mesospheric gravity wave ducting event using coordinated sodium lidar and Mesospheric Temperature Mapper measurements at ALOMAR, Norway (69°N)

et al. 2014

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New measurements at the ALOMAR observatory in northern Norway (69°N, 16°E) using the Weber sodium lidar and the Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper (AMTM) allow for a comprehensive investigation of a gravity wave (GW) event on 22 and 23 January 2012 and the complex and varying propagation environment in which the GW was observed. These observational techniques provide insight into the altitude ranges over which a GW may be evanescent or propagating and enable a clear distinction in specific cases. Weber sodium lidar measurements provide estimates of background temperature, wind, and stability profiles at altitudes from~78 to 105 km. Detailed AMTM temperature maps of GWs in the OH emission layer together with lidar measurements quantify estimates of the observed and intrinsic GW parameters centered near 87 km. Lidar measurements of sodium densities also allow more precise identification of GW phase structures extending over a broad altitude range. We find for this particular event that the extent of evanescent regions versus regions allowing GW propagation can vary largely over a period of hours and significantly change the range of altitudes over which a GW can propagate.

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“…According to the definitions currently accepted by the scientific community, mesospheric front is a type of gravity wave which presents a frontal airglow emission enhancement or depletion that can be followed by a series of wave crests phase-locked to the leading front (Brown et al, 2004;Smith et al, 2005). These kind of frontal events are subclassified mainly between wall and bore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesospheric front events have been extensively reported at low and mid latitudes (Taylor et al, 1995;Smith et al, 2003;Medeiros et al, 2005;Fechine et al, 2005). Taylor et al (1995) described a spectacular bore event observed in four mesospheric nightglow emissions at Hawaii (20.8 • N) during the ALOHA-93 campaign.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of a mesospheric front in a thermal-doppler duct over King George Island, Antarctica

et al. 2011

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Abstract.A mesospheric front was observed with an allsky airglow imager on the night of 9-10 July 2007 at Ferraz Station (62 • S, 58 • W), located on King George island on the Antarctic Peninsula. The observed wave propagated from southwest to northeast with a well defined wave front and a series of crests behind the main front. The wave parameters were obtained via a 2-D Fourier transform of the imager data providing a horizontal wavelength of 33 km, an observed period of 6 min, and a horizontal phase speed of 92 m s −1 . Simultaneous mesospheric winds were measured with a medium frequency (MF) radar at Rothera Station (68 • S, 68 • W) and temperature profiles were obtained from the SABER instrument on the TIMED satellite. These wind and temperature profiles were used to estimate the propagation environment of the wave event. A wavelet technique was applied to the wind in the plane of wave propagation at the OH emission height spanning three days centered on the front event to define the dominant periodicities. Results revealed a dominance of near-inertial periods, and semi-diurnal and terdiurnal tides suggesting that the ducting structure enabling mesospheric front propagation occurred on large spatial scales. The observed tidal motions were used to reconstruct the winds employing a least-squares method, which were then compared to the observed ducting environment. Results suggest an important contribution of largescale winds to the ducting structure, but with buoyancy frequency variations in the vertical also expected to be important. These results allow us to conclude that the wave front event was supported by a duct including contributions from both winds and temperature.Correspondence to:

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Evidence of mesospheric bore formation from a breaking gravity wave event: simultaneous imaging and lidar measurements

Cited by 57 publications

References 32 publications

First observation of an undular mesospheric bore in a Doppler duct

First observation of an undular mesospheric bore in a Doppler duct

Investigation of a mesospheric gravity wave ducting event using coordinated sodium lidar and Mesospheric Temperature Mapper measurements at ALOMAR, Norway (69°N)

Observation of a mesospheric front in a thermal-doppler duct over King George Island, Antarctica

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