Evidence of <i>Troglotrema acutum</i> and <i>Skrjabingylus</i> sp. coinfection in a polecat from Lower Austria

Duscher, Georg Gerhard; Harl, Josef; Fuehrer, Hans‐Peter

doi:10.1515/helmin-2015-0011

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The lesions to the frontal area of the skull are often considered pathognomonic for S. nasicola infection and have been widely used in studies to determine the prevalence and distribution of the parasite [ 30 , 35 , 36 ]. However, infection with the trematode Troglotrema acutum can also result in similar skull lesions that cannot be reliably distinguished from those caused by S. nasicola [ 37 , 38 ]. Although T. acutum is commonly found in small mustelids in Continental Europe, especially in polecats [ 37 , 38 ], there appear to be no confirmed records of it occurring in the UK ([ 39 ], Harris, E. personal communication).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, infection with the trematode Troglotrema acutum can also result in similar skull lesions that cannot be reliably distinguished from those caused by S. nasicola [ 37 , 38 ]. Although T. acutum is commonly found in small mustelids in Continental Europe, especially in polecats [ 37 , 38 ], there appear to be no confirmed records of it occurring in the UK ([ 39 ], Harris, E. personal communication). Trematode eggs that morphologically resembled those of T. acutum were recovered from the nasal passages of two polecats in the present study but they were significantly smaller than those typically recorded for T. acutum [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although T. acutum is commonly found in small mustelids in Continental Europe, especially in polecats [ 37 , 38 ], there appear to be no confirmed records of it occurring in the UK ([ 39 ], Harris, E. personal communication). Trematode eggs that morphologically resembled those of T. acutum were recovered from the nasal passages of two polecats in the present study but they were significantly smaller than those typically recorded for T. acutum [ 37 , 38 ]. It appears that no trematode species has been recorded in the upper respiratory system of polecats in the UK (Bray, R and Harris, E personal communication) and further studies are required to collect and identify the trematodes demonstrated in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A post-mortem study of respiratory disease in small mustelids in south-west England

Simpson¹,

Tomlinson

Stevenson

et al. 2016

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundStoat (Mustela erminea) and weasel (Mustela nivalis) populations in south-west England are declining whilst polecats (Mustela putorius), absent for over a century, are increasing. Little is known about the health status of these species nationally. This study aimed at investigating respiratory disease in specimens found dead in south-west England.ResultsTrauma caused by road traffic, predator attack or being trapped was the predominant cause of death in 42 stoats, 31 weasels and 20 polecats; most were in good physical condition. Skrjabingylus nasicola was present in all species (weasels 37 %, polecats 39 %, stoats 41 %) and infected animals showed no evidence of loss of body condition. Even in carcases stored frozen L1 larvae were frequently alive and highly motile. Angiostrongylus vasorum infection was diagnosed in two stoats and one weasel: in stoats infections were patent and the lung lesions were likely of clinical significance. These are believed to be the first records of A. vasorum in small mustelids. Pleuritis and pyothorax was seen in two polecats, in one case due to a migrating grass awn. Histological examination of lungs showed granulomata in stoats (38 %), weasels (52 %) and polecats (50 %). Spherules consistent with Emmonsia spp. adiaspores were present in the granulomata of stoats (60 %), weasels (36 %) and polecats (29 %). Adiaspore diameter in all three species was similar (means: stoats 39 μm, weasels 30 μm, polecats 36 μm); these are markedly smaller than that normally recorded for E. crescens. Although they lie within the accepted range for spores of Emmonsia parva this arid-zone species is not found in Britain, thus raising a question over the identity of the fungus. Cases showing numerous granulomata but few or no adiaspores were Ziehl-Neelsen-stain negative for acid-fast bacilli and IHC negative for Mycobacterium spp. However, in some cases PCR analyses revealed mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium kumamotonense and Mycobacterium avium Complex. One stoat had numerous unidentified small organisms present centrally within granulomata.ConclusionsStoats, weasels and polecats in south-west England share several respiratory diseases, often of high prevalence, but the pathology would appear insufficient to impact on the health status of the populations and other ultimate causes of death should be investigated when examining these species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A post-mortem study of respiratory disease in small mustelids in south-west England

Simpson¹,

Tomlinson

Stevenson

et al. 2016

BMC Vet Res

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“…PCRs were performed with standard primers for nematode ITS‐2 and COI using a Phusion Hot Start II High Fidelity polymerase and cloned into pSC‐B‐amp/kan vector using standard procedures (Supporting Information Text 1) . Phylogenetic analysis was performed essentially as described using MUSCLE, MAFFT, DAMBE, FASconCAT‐G, and RAxML and as detailed in Supporting Information Text 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Proteomic Fingerprinting and Molecular Analysis of Cyathostomins

et al. 2019

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Rapid, cost-effective, efficient, and reliable helminth species identification is of considerable importance to understand host-parasite interactions, clinical disease, and drug resistance. Cyathostomins (Nematoda: Strongylidae) are considered to be the most important equine parasites, yet research on this group is hampered by the large number of 50 morphologically differentiated species, their occurrence in mixed infections with often more than 10 species and the difficulties associated with conventional identification methods. Here, MALDI-TOF MS, previously successfully applied to identify numerous organisms, is evaluated and compared with conventional and molecular genetic approaches. A simple and robust protocol for protein extraction and subsequent DNA isolation allowing molecular confirmation of proteomic findings is developed, showing that MALDI-TOF MS can discriminate adult stages of the two closely related cyathostomin species Cylicostephanus longibursatus and Cylicostephanus minutus. Intraspecific variability of proteomic profiles within morphospecies demonstrated an identification of morphospecies with an accuracy of close to 100%. In contrast, three genospecies within C. minutus and sex-specific profiles within both morphospecies could not be reliably discriminated using MALDI-TOF MS. In conclusion, MALDI-TOF MS complemented by the molecular protocol is a reliable and efficient approach for cyathostomin species identification.

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“…A~700-bp fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene was amplified using primers COI_Nema_fw (5′-G A A G T T C T A A T C A T A A R G A T A T T G G -3 ′ ) and COI_Nema_Rv (5′-ACCTCAGGATGACCAAAAAA YCAA-3′) (Duscher et al 2015). PCR reactions (20 μl) were performed with 0.2 mM dNTPs, 250 nM of each primer, 0.1 U Phusion Hot Start II High-Fidelity DNA polymerase (Thermo Scientific) and 2 μl template DNA in 1× HF buffer under the following cycling conditions: an initial denaturation step at 98°C for 30 s, followed by 40 cycles of 98°C for 10 s, 55°C for 30 s and 72°C for 30 s and a final elongation step at 72°C for 5 min.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspected autochthonous Thelazia callipaeda infection in a dog in northern Germany

Lebedewa

Tkocz²,

Clausen

et al. 2020

Parasitol Res

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A 12-year old Elo dog was presented with recurring symptoms of conjunctivitis in November 2019. A single whitish nematode was found upon inspection of the eye and identified as a Thelazia callipaeda male. The morphological identification of the eye worm was supported by analysis of a partial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene sequence. The dog lived in Lower Saxony, northwestern Germany, and had not visited regions known to be endemic for T. callipaeda. This suggests that a local transmission cycle of this zoonotic nematode may exist in Germany.

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Evidence of Troglotrema acutum and Skrjabingylus sp. coinfection in a polecat from Lower Austria

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

A post-mortem study of respiratory disease in small mustelids in south-west England

A post-mortem study of respiratory disease in small mustelids in south-west England

Concurrent Proteomic Fingerprinting and Molecular Analysis of Cyathostomins

Suspected autochthonous Thelazia callipaeda infection in a dog in northern Germany

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