Evidence of Helicobacter sp. in Dental Plaque of Captive Dolphins (Tursiops gephyreus)

Goldman, Cinthia G.; Loureiro, Julio D.; Quse, Viviana; Corach, Daniel; Calderón, E.; Ricardo, A.; Boccio, José; Heredia, Sergio Rodríguez; Carlo, María Beatriz Di; Zubillaga, Marcela

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-38.3.644

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In marine mammals, similar routes of transmission could be present for the Helicobacter spp. that have been isolated from feces (Harper et al, 2002b) and detected in the dental plaque of captive dolphins (Goldman et al, 2002). We have previously reported detecting helicobacter DNA from regurgitated otoliths from marine mammals and from water from pools inhabited by captive cetaceans and pinnipeds (Goldman et al, 2009b); such findings suggest that contaminated water may be a reservoir for transmission among marine mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel gastric helicobacters and oral campylobacters are present in captive and wild cetaceans

Goldman¹,

Matteo²,

Loureiro³

et al. 2011

Veterinary Microbiology

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The mammalian gastric and oral mucosa may be colonized by mixed Helicobacter and Campylobacter species, respectively, in individual animals. To better characterize the presence and distribution of Helicobacter and Campylobacter among marine mammals, we used PCR and 16S rDNA sequence analysis to examine gastric and oral samples from ten dolphins (Tursiops gephyreus), one killer whale (Orcinus orca), one false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), and three wild La Plata river dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei). Helicobacter spp. DNA was widely distributed in gastric and oral samples from both captive and wild cetaceans. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated two Helicobacter sequence clusters, one closely related to H. cetorum, a species isolated from dolphins and whales in North America. The second related cluster was to sequences obtained from dolphins in Australia and to gastric non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters, and may represent a novel taxonomic group. Dental plaque sequences from four dolphins formed a third cluster within the Campylobacter genus that likely represents a novel species isolated from marine mammals. Identification of identical Helicobacter spp. DNA sequences from dental plaque, saliva and gastric fluids from the same hosts, suggests that the oral cavity may be involved in transmission. These results demonstrate that Helicobacter and Campylobacter species are commonly distributed in marine mammals, and identify taxonomic clusters that may represent novel species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel gastric helicobacters and oral campylobacters are present in captive and wild cetaceans

Goldman¹,

Matteo²,

Loureiro³

et al. 2011

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…The expanding Helicobacter genus currently contains more than 35 species, with newly recognized species being isolated from a wide range of hosts, such as dolphins and birds (6,8). All Helicobacter species are characterized as fastidious, and most are associated with gastric or extragastric diseases.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutritional Requirements and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ofHelicobacterSpecies in Chemically Defined Media

et al. 2006

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The growth of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori in the absence of serum remains challenging, and nutritional requirements have only partially been defined, while almost nothing is known about nutritional requirements of other Helicobacter spp. Although previous data showed that H. pylori grows in the chemically defined medium F-12, but not in other tissue culture media examined, the specific components responsible for growth were not entirely understood. Here we describe the optimization of amino acids, metals, and sodium chloride for H. pylori. Iron, zinc, and magnesium were critical for growth; copper was not required. Optimization of sodium chloride was further beneficial. Nutritional requirements and antibiotic resistance patterns of several other Helicobacter spp. revealed that all except H. felis grew in serum-free, unsupplemented F-12. All Helicobacter spp. were resistant to at least six antimicrobial agents when cultured in the presence of serum. However, in the absence of serum, H. pylori, H. mustelae, and H. muridarum became sensitive to polymyxin B and/or trimethoprim. Much of the data were obtained using a convenient ATP assay to quantify growth. H. pylori has surprisingly few absolute requirements for growth: 9 amino acids, sodium and potassium chloride, thiamine, iron, zinc, magnesium, hypoxanthine, and pyruvate. These data suggest that H. pylori and other Helicobacter spp. are not as fastidious as previously thought. The data also suggest that chemically defined media described herein could yield the growth of a wide range of Helicobacter spp., allowing a more detailed characterization of Helicobacter physiology and interactions with host cells.

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“…The mode of transmission for H. cetorum has not been documented, but Helicobacter sp. DNA was detected in dental plaque from two captive dolphins (8), suggesting that H. cetorum could be shed from the upper as well as the lower gastrointestinal tract into the water column. Thus, the social grouping of these dolphins would be conducive to horizontal transmission of H. cetorum.…”

Section: Fig 3 (A)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

et al. 2003

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Helicobacter cetorum sp. nov. has been cultured from the stomach of Atlantic white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) and the feces of Pacific white-sided (L. obliquidens) and Atlantic bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) dolphins and a beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas). H. cetorum has high homology to Helicobacter pylori as shown by 16S rRNA sequencing, and H. cetorum infection has been associated with gastritis and clinical signs in cetaceans. Because the prevalence of H. cetorum in wild populations is unknown, minimally invasive techniques for detecting H. cetorum were compared for 20 wild bottlenose dolphins sampled as part of a long-term health study. Fecal samples were tested for helicobacter by culture, Southern blotting, and PCR using genus-specific and H. cetorum-specific primers. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to measure H. cetorum immunoglobulin G (IgG). H. cetorum was cultured from 4 of 20 fecal samples, 7 samples were positive using Helicobacter sp. PCR, and 8 samples were positive for H. cetorum using speciesspecific primers. Two additional fecal samples were positive by Helicobacter sp. Southern blotting, suggesting infection with another helicobacter. All 20 sera contained high levels of IgG antibodies to H. cetorum that were significantly lowered by preabsorption of the sera with whole-cell suspensions of H. cetorum (P < 0.02). Until the specificity of the serum ELISA can be determined by testing sera from dolphins confirmed to be uninfected, PCR and Southern blot screenings of feces are the most sensitive techniques for detection of H. cetorum, and results indicate there is at least a 50% prevalence of H. cetorum infection in these dolphins.

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Evidence of Helicobacter sp. in Dental Plaque of Captive Dolphins (Tursiops gephyreus)

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Novel gastric helicobacters and oral campylobacters are present in captive and wild cetaceans

Novel gastric helicobacters and oral campylobacters are present in captive and wild cetaceans

Nutritional Requirements and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ofHelicobacterSpecies in Chemically Defined Media

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

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