Evidence of gravity waves into the atmosphere during the March 2006 total solar eclipse

Zerefos, C. S.; Gerasopoulos, E.; Tsagouri, I.; Psiloglou, Basil Ε.; Belehaki, A.; Herekakis, Themistocles; Bais, A. F.; Kazadzis, Stelios; Eleftheratos, C.; Kalivitis, N.; Mihalopoulos, N.

doi:10.5194/acp-7-4943-2007

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Modeling studies supported the idea of eclipse-induced gravity wave generation in the thermosphere (Ridley et al, 1984;Roble et al, 1986;Muller-Wodarg et al, 1998), which is also supported by measurements (Liu et al, 1998;Altadill et al, 2001;Sauli et al, 2006). Zerefos et al (2007) reported waves with periods ranging from 30 to 40 min associated with thermal stratospheric ozone forcing. Singh et al (1989) have reported waves with a period of 10-40 min measured at more than 50 km from the zone of totality.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Ionospheric response to total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 in different Indian regions

Kumar

Singh

2013

Ann. Geophys.

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The variability of ionospheric response to the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 has been studied analyzing the GPS data recorded at the four Indian low-latitude stations Varanasi (100% obscuration), Kanpur (95% obscuration), Hyderabad (84% obscuration) and Bangalore (72% obscuration). The retrieved ionospheric vertical total electron content (VTEC) shows a significant reduction (reflected by all PRNs (satellites) at all stations) with a maximum of 48% at Varanasi (PRN 14), which decreases to 30% at Bangalore (PRN 14). Data from PRN 31 show a maximum of 54% at Kanpur and 26% at Hyderabad. The maximum decrement in VTEC occurs some time (2–15 min) after the maximum obscuration. The reduction in VTEC compared to the quiet mean VTEC depends on latitude as well as longitude, which also depends on the location of the satellite with respect to the solar eclipse path. The amount of reduction in VTEC decreases as the present obscuration decreases, which is directly related to the electron production by the photoionization process. The analysis of electron density height profile derived from the COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere & Climate) satellite over the Indian region shows significant reduction from 100 km altitude up to 800 km altitude with a maximum of 48% at 360 km altitude. The oscillatory nature in total electron content data at all stations is observed with different wave periods lying between 40 and 120 min, which are attributed to gravity wave effects generated in the lower atmosphere during the total solar eclipse

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Ionospheric response to total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 in different Indian regions

Kumar

Singh

2013

Ann. Geophys.

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“…The GWs generated in this region propagate upward as suggested by Chimonas and Hines [1970]. Zerefos et al [2007], for March 2006 total solar eclipse by using different measurement techniques for the troposphere, stratosphere, and ionosphere, showed the presence of GWs in the stratosphere and ionosphere with periods of~30-40 min. Zhang et al [2010], for the 22 July 2009 SE, using ionospheric back scatter sounding data recorded at Wuhan (30.5°N; 114.35°E), China, observed medium scales traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) of a 40 min period from ED fluctuations in the Es and F regions.…”

Section: 1002/2013ja019521mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Apart from wide range of implications of SEs on the near Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere, the two most important consequences of SEs are ionospheric variability due to sudden cutoff of solar radiation for a short duration and generation of gravity waves (GWs) [Chimonas, 1970;Zerefos et al, 2007;Babakhanov et al, 2013]. The passage of solar terminator is another main in situ source of GWs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The passage of solar terminator is another main in situ source of GWs. Several studies have shown wave-like signatures (WLS)/GWs in E and F regions of ionosphere during SEs using Ionosonde and GPS total electron content (TEC) measurements [Liu et al, 1998;Altadill et al, 2001;Zerefos et al, 2007;Kumar et al, 2013;Yadav et al, 2013], but very few studies have attempted WLS/GWs in the Mesosphere/D region ionosphere [Bošková and Laštovička, 2001;Chernogor, 2010;Ratnam et al, 2012]. The probing of D region ionosphere is difficult as its altitude is too low for satellites and too high for balloons and due to low electron MAURYA ET AL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐mid latitude D region ionospheric perturbations associated with 22 July 2009 total solar eclipse: Wave‐like signatures inferred from VLF observations

Maurya¹,

Phanikumar

Singh³

et al. 2014

JGR Space Physics

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We present first report on the periodic wave-like signatures (WLS) in the D region ionosphere during 22 July 2009 total solar eclipse using JJI, Japan, very low frequency (VLF) navigational transmitter signal (22.2 kHz) observations at stations, Allahabad, Varanasi and Nainital in Indian Sector, Busan in Korea, and Suva in Fiji. The signal amplitude increased on 22 July by about 6 and 7 dB at Allahabad and Varanasi and decreased by about 2.7, 3.5, and 0.5 dB at Nainital, Busan, and Suva, respectively, as compared to 24 July 2009 (normal day). The increase/decrease in the amplitude can be understood in terms of modal interference at the sites of modes converted at the discontinuity created by the eclipse intercepting the different transmitter-receiver great circle paths. The wavelet analysis shows the presence of WLS of period~16-40 min at stations under total eclipse and of period~30-80 min at stations under partial eclipse (~85-54% totality) with delay times between~50 and 100 min at different stations. The intensity of WLS was maximum for paths in the partially eclipsed region and minimum in the fully eclipsed region. The features of WLS on eclipse day seem almost similar to WLS observed in the nighttime of normal days (e.g., 24 July 2009). The WLS could be generated by sudden cutoff of the photo-ionization creating nighttime like conditions in the D region ionosphere and solar eclipse induced gravity waves coming to ionosphere from below and above. The present observations shed additional light on the current understanding of gravity waves induced D region ionospheric perturbations.

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“…This sudden drop in the incoming solar radiation causes the cooling of the surface and higher up, resulting in the changes of atmospheric temperatures. These temperature variations drive changes in pressures and winds (Ballard et al 1969;Anderson et al 1972;Founda et al 2007;Gerasopoulos et al 2007;Kameda et al 2009;Wang and Liu 2010), and induces vertically propagating gravity waves (e.g., Chimonas 1970;Chimonas and Hines 1971;Seykora et al 1985;Zerefos et al 2007). Solar eclipse also changes the ionosphere total electron density (Le et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling During Major Solar Eclipses from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC Constellation

et al. 2011

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Sudden tropospheric cooling and induced stratospheric warming were found during the 22 July 2009 total solar eclipse. Can the 22 July 2009 hallmark also be seen in other major solar eclipses? Here we hypothesize that the tropospheric cooling and the stratospheric warming can be predicted to occur during a major solar eclipse event. In this work we use the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3C) Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) data to construct eclipse-time temperature profiles before, during, and after the passages of major solar eclipses for the years 2006-2010. We use four times a day of meteorological analysis from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) global meteorological analysis to construct non-eclipse effect temperature profiles for the same eclipse passages. The eclipse effects were calculated based on the difference between F3C and ECMWF profiles. A total of five eclipse cases and thirteen non-eclipse cases were analyzed and compared. We found that eclipses cause direct thermal cooling in the troposphere and indirect dynamic warming in the stratosphere. These results are statistically significant. Our results show −0.6 to −1.2°C cooling in the troposphere and 0.4 to 1.3°C warming in the middle to lower stratosphere during the eclipses. This characteristic stratosphere-troposphere coupling in temperature profiles represent a distinctive atmospheric responses to the solar eclipses.

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Evidence of gravity waves into the atmosphere during the March 2006 total solar eclipse

Cited by 52 publications

References 36 publications

Ionospheric response to total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 in different Indian regions

Ionospheric response to total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 in different Indian regions

Low‐mid latitude D region ionospheric perturbations associated with 22 July 2009 total solar eclipse: Wave‐like signatures inferred from VLF observations

Observations of Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling During Major Solar Eclipses from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC Constellation

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