Evidence of Field-Evolved Resistance to Organophosphates and Pyrethroids in Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Resistance of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens to nitenpyram: Cross-resistance patterns, mechanism, stability, and realized heritability

“…Another possibility may be the higher frequency of resistant alleles in the Field strain. This is in agreement with the fact that the green lacewing strain was collected from a cotton area where pyrethroid, organophosphates and novel chemistry insecticides have been used to control insect pests of cotton[6,27]. The h 2 estimated in the laboratory was a valuable indicator on the resistance development to insecticides in green lacewings[46, 47].…”

“…Moreover, misuse of pesticides has produced pesticide residues in food chain, disappearance of wildlife and resurgence of several secondary pests [25]. Green lacewing is a common predator than other predators that has developed resistance to pyrethroid, organophosphate and biorational insecticides [3,6,26,27], which make them compatible with the different IPM systems. The predators can develop resistance either by consuming other insects that have been exposed with insecticides or by direct contact with insecticides [28].…”

Life‐history costs associated with resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin in the predatory ladybird beetle Eriopis connexa

“…Few reports exist of predatory insects exhibiting resistance to insecticides, and most are related to lacewings (Flapp & Bull, 1978;Pree et al, 1989;Pathan et al, 2008Pathan et al, , 2010Sayyed et al, 2010) or the detection of resistance in field populations of ladybird beetles (Head et al, 1977;Graves et al, 1978;Kumral et al, 2011;Rodrigues, 2012).…”

Resistance to Pyrethroids and Organophosphates Increased Fitness and Predation Potential of <I>Chrysoperla carnae</I> (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

“…The natural enemies can develop resistance either by direct exposure to insecticides or by consumption of their hosts treated with insecticides (Pree et al 1989, Wu et al 2004, Wu and Miyata 2005. Recently, we have found high level of resistance to several groups of insecticides in the lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from Pakistan (Pathan et al 2008). C. carnea has long been considered an important naturally occurring predator in many horticultural and agricultural cropping systems, and currently it is one of the most commonly used and commercially available natural enemies (Tauber et al 2000) and can inhabit many diverse agroecosystems, can easily be mass reared (Rajakulendran and Plapp 1982), and has a wide host range (Zeleny 1985).…”

“…Knowledge of the life table of both predator and prey is also necessary for the mass rearing and practical application of a natural enemy to biological control systems (Chi andGetz 1988, Chi andYang 2003). The current study was conducted to understand the impacts of insecticides resistance on the Þtness and predatory potentials of the resistant strains of C. carnea collected from the areas where resistance to various groups of insecticides has already been reported (Pathan et al 2008). …”