Evidence of Evergreen Conifers Invasion into Larch Dominated Forests During Recent Decades

Харук, В. И.; Ranson, K.J.; Dvinskaya, Maria L.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8641-9_4

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The calculated enhanced biomass growth is in line with experimental evidence of higher C in plant biomass in warming plots at tundra field sites (Elmendorf et al, 2012;Sistla et al., 2013). In Siberian mountain regions, an upward movement of vegetation zones has been recorded already (Soja et al, 2007), while the analysis of evergreen coniferous undergrowth abundance and age shows spread of evergreen species, especially Pinus siberia, into Siberian larch forest (Kharuk et al, 2007). These observations thus support the modelled shift in vegetation zones and the change in vegetation type composition and productivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Disproportional warming in the northern high latitudes and large carbon stocks in boreal and (sub)arctic ecosystems have raised concerns as to whether substantial positive climate feedbacks from biogeochemical process responses should be expected. Such feedbacks occur when increasing temperatures lead, for example, to a net release of CO 2 or CH 4 . However, temperature-enhanced emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) have been shown to contribute to the growth of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is known to have a negative radiative climate effect. Combining measurements in Eastern Siberia with model-based estimates of vegetation and permafrost dynamics, BVOC emissions, and aerosol growth, we assess here possible future changes in ecosystem CO 2 balance and BVOC-SOA interactions and discuss these changes in terms of possible climate effects. Globally, the effects of changes in Siberian ecosystem CO 2 balance and SOA formation are small, but when concentrating on Siberia and the Northern Hemisphere the negative forcing from changed aerosol direct and indirect effects become notable -even though the associated temperature response would not necessarily follow a similar spatial pattern. While our analysis does not include other important processes that are of relevance for the climate system, the CO 2 and BVOC-SOA interplay serves as an example for the complexity of the interactions between emissions and vegetation dynamics that underlie individual terrestrial processes and highlights the importance of addressing ecosystem-climate feedbacks in consistent, process-based model frameworks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols

et al. 2016

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“…Along with this, climate-driven migration of Siberian pine and spruce into traditional larch habitat has been reported (Fig. 1, site 5; Kharuk et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Climate induced birch mortality in Trans-Baikal lake region, Siberia

Харук

Ranson

Oskorbin

et al. 2013

Forest Ecology and Management

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a b s t r a c tThe Trans-Baikal (or Zabailkal'e) region includes the forest-steppe ecotones south and east of Lake Baikal in Russia and has experienced drought for several years. The decline and mortality of birch (Betula pendula) stands within the forest-steppe ecotone Trans-Baikal region was studied based on a temporal series of satellite data, ground measurements, and tree ring analysis. During the first decade of the 21st century birch stands decline and mortality were observed on about 5% of the total area of stands within our 1250 km 2 study area. Birch forest decline and mortality occurs mainly at the margins of stands, within the forest-steppe ecotone on slopes with direct insolation. During the first decade of the 21st century summer (June-August) precipitation was about 25% below normal. Soil water content measurements were lowest within dead stands and highest within healthy stands and intermediate within damaged stands. Drought impact on stands was amplified by an increase in summer air temperatures (+0.9°C) in comparison with the previous decade. Tree ring data of ''surviving'' and ''dead'' tree groups showed a positive correlation with summer/annual precipitation and negative correlation with summer air temperatures. Temperature and precipitation extreme anomalies tend to occur in the region with a period of about 27 years. The observed anomaly was the most severe since the beginning of meteorological observations in the year 1900. Data for the other sites showed a positive climate impact on the growth and expansion of Siberian forests. That is, the same species (B. pendula) showed considerable increase (1.4 times both in height and stem volume) during 20th-21st centuries as temperature increased but precipitation remained at adequate levels.

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“…One site, which sits just south of the Novaya River on the Taymyr Peninsula, includes a portion of Ary-Mas, the world's northernmost forest (Bondarev, 1997;Kharuk et al, 2007;Naurzbaev and Vaganov, 2000). Mapping sites were chosen based on the presence of cloud-free multispectral and stereo pair data from HRSI available in the DigitalGlobe archive, and presence of patches of forest cover (Neigh et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Area and Ground Reference Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceborne potential for examining taiga–tundra ecotone form and vulnerability

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In the taiga-tundra ecotone (TTE), site-dependent forest structure characteristics can influence the subtle and heterogeneous structural changes that occur across the broad circumpolar extent. Such changes may be related to ecotone form, described by the horizontal and vertical patterns of forest structure (e.g., tree cover, density, and height) within TTE forest patches, driven by local site conditions, and linked to ecotone dynamics. The unique circumstance of subtle, variable, and widespread vegetation change warrants the application of spaceborne data including high-resolution (< 5 m) spaceborne imagery (HRSI) across broad scales for examining TTE form and predicting dynamics. This study analyzes forest structure at the patch scale in the TTE to provide a means to examine both vertical and horizontal components of ecotone form. We demonstrate the potential of spaceborne data for integrating forest height and density to assess TTE form at the scale of forest patches across the circumpolar biome by (1) mapping forest patches in study sites along the TTE in northern Siberia with a multi-resolution suite of spaceborne data and (2) examining the uncertainty of forest patch height from this suite of data across sites of primarily diffuse TTE forms. Results demonstrate the opportunities for improving patch-scale spaceborne estimates of forest height, the vertical component of TTE form, with HRSI. The distribution of relative maximum height uncertainty based on prediction intervals is centered at ∼ 40 %, constraining the use of height for discerning differences in forest patches. We discuss this uncertainty in light of a conceptual model of general ecotone forms and highlight how the uncertainty of spaceborne estimates of height can contribute to the uncertainty in identifying TTE forms. A focus on reducing the uncertainty of height estimates in forest patches may improve depiction of TTE form, which may help explain variable forest responses in the TTE to climate change and the vulnerability of portions of the TTE to forest structure change.

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Evidence of Evergreen Conifers Invasion into Larch Dominated Forests During Recent Decades

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols

Climate induced birch mortality in Trans-Baikal lake region, Siberia

Spaceborne potential for examining taiga–tundra ecotone form and vulnerability

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Evidence of Evergreen Conifers Invasion into Larch Dominated Forests During Recent Decades

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and secondary organic aerosols

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and secondary organic aerosols

Climate induced birch mortality in Trans-Baikal lake region, Siberia

Spaceborne potential for examining taiga–tundra ecotone form and vulnerability

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Product

Resources

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Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols

Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and secondary organic aerosols