Evidence of Direct Transmission of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Infection between Calves and a Human

Renwick, Shane A.; Wilson, Jeffrey B.; Clarke, Robert C.; Lior, H.; Borczyk, Al; Spika, John S.; Rahn, Kris; McFadden, Kim; Brouwer, Anne; A, Copps; Anderson, Neil G.; Alves, Denisard; Karmali, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1093/infdis/168.3.792

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…In this study, although we did not assess the effect of the activated charcoal on the removing other gram-negative enterobacteria, especially non-pathogenic E. coli, and different serotype of VTEC strains, it is likely that the binding capacity of activated charcoal to non-pathogenic E. coli and other serotype of VTEC strains is almost the same as that to E. coli O157:H7 because activated charcoal is a non-specific adsorbent [5,23]. If this were so, there is the possibility that the decrease of non-pathogenic E. coli results in the development of pathogenic bacteria and various intestinal infections and diarrhea are induced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Adsorption Effect of Activated Charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Naka

Watarai

Tana

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The adsorption property of activated charcoal on verotoxin (VT)-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) was examined using E. coli O157:H7. In the present study, E. coli O157:H7 strains were effectively adsorbed by activated charcoal. Adsorption was dosedependent, and the maximum adsorption occurred within 5 min. At 10 mg of activated charcoal, bacteria tested were completely adsorbed. Activated charcoal also had the capacity to adsorb toxin (verotoxin 2) activity from the bacterial extract. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiency of activated charcoal for the normal bacterial flora in the intestine was assessed using Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Activated charcoal showed lower binding capacity to the normal bacterial flora tested than that to E. coli O157:H7 strains. These results suggest that activated charcoal could be a good adsorbent system for the removal of VTEC and verotoxin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Cattle have been implicated as reservoir of VTEC [6,11,23,26,27,30]. Thus, eliminating or reducing VTEC carriage in cattle would be beneficial to humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Effect of Activated Charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Naka

Watarai

Tana

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Epidemiological investigation has linked several outbreaks of disease caused by E. colz 0157:H7 with consumption of bovine products (Wells et al 1991;Renwick et al 1993;Upton and Coia 1994). Consumption of contaminated ground beef was the suspected vehicle in most outbreaks (Brandt et al 1994); however, several studies have implicated raw milk as a source of E. colz 0157 : H7 associated with disease (Martin et al 1986;Ostroff et ul.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of bovine epithelial cells by verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7

1997

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The ability of verocytotoxin‐producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157: H7 to enter selected human (RPMI‐4788 and HeLa) and bovine (MAC‐T, mammary secretory; MDBK, kidney) epithelial cell lines was evaluated. All VTEC evaluated efficiently entered RPMI‐4788 and MAC‐T cell lines. VTEC entered MDBK cells at approximately 4% of MAC‐T cells. VTEC were not able to invade HeLa cells. Presence of plasmid had no influence on efficiency of entry, nor did production of shiga‐like toxin (SLT I or SLT II). Internalization required microfilaments, but not microtubules. Two types of adherence, localized and diffuse, were exhibited depending on isolate and cell line evaluated. Ability of VTEC to invade bovine mammary epithelial cells may be important in pathogenesis in the bovine, may indicate a route by which raw milk may potentially become contaminated, and may provide a reservoir of bacteria for the contamination of workers, equipment and carcass at time of slaughter.

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“…Direct transmission from animal to man has been reported on several occasions, either by direct contact with animals (Renwick et al 1993;Rice et al 1996) or by contact with animal manure (Cieslak et al 1993».…”

Section: Environmental Spread Of E Coli 0157mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Escherichia coli O157 and experiences over the past 15 years in Sheffield, UK

Chapman¹

2000

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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SUMMARY In the first documented outbreak of HC caused by Escherichia coli O157, which occurred in the North‐west USA in 1982, there was a strong association between infection and prior consumption of ground beef from a chain of fast food restaurants. Foods of bovine origin, including beef, milk and dairy products, have since been implicated in many outbreaks of infection world‐wide. Investigations during the course of outbreaks, or at random, have shown that cattle are a major reservoir of E. coli O157. E. coli O157 was isolated from cattle at slaughter in Sheffield in 1987, this being the first isolation from cattle in the UK. Following a cluster of cases in May/June 1992, an abattoir study showed the organism to be present in 4% of cattle at slaughter and on up to a third of carcasses from rectal swab‐positive animals. E. coli O157 was isolated from a food source (unpasteurized milk), for the first time in the UK, in Sheffield in May 1993. During surveillance in 1995–6, E. coli O157 was isolated from 157% of cattle, with a monthly prevalence which varied from 5 to 37%. E. coli O157 was also isolated from 22% of sheep. During surveillance in 1996, E. coli O157 was isolated from 59% of samples of lamb products and from 15% of samples of beef products, despite the prevalence in cattle being much higher than in sheep. Work is in progress to try to explain this higher prevalence in lamb products. During 1997 in Sheffield, the only cases of E. coli O157 for which a confirmed source was established were associated with direct animal contact on farm visits. During on‐farm investigations of these cases, E. coli O157 was isolated from faecal samples from adult cattle, calves, three different breeds of sheep, two different breeds of pigs, goats and a pony.

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Evidence of Direct Transmission of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Infection between Calves and a Human

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Adsorption Effect of Activated Charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Adsorption Effect of Activated Charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Invasion of bovine epithelial cells by verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7

Sources of Escherichia coli O157 and experiences over the past 15 years in Sheffield, UK

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