Evidence of climate-induced stress of Norway spruce along elevation gradient preceding the current dieback in Central Europe

Krejza, Jan; Cienciala, Emil; Světlík, Jan; Bellan, Michal; Noyer, Estelle; Horáček, Petr; Štěpánek, Petr; Marek, Michal V.

doi:10.1007/s00468-020-02022-6

Cited by 66 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…However, our approach makes it more difficult to project current dynamics into the climate change scenarios. Nevertheless, present studies did not reveal significant changes in the growth rate of spruce along altitude gradients in the European Alps, indicating no climate change effects so far [45].…”

Section: Comparison Of the Two Growth Rate Modelscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Temporal Dynamics of Root Reinforcement in European Spruce Forests

Flepp

Robyr

Scotti

et al. 2021

Forests

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The quantification of post-disturbance root reinforcement (RR) recovery dynamics is of paramount importance for the optimisation of forest ecosystem services and natural hazards risk management in mountain regions. In this work we analyse the long-term root reinforcement dynamic of spruce forests combining data of the Swiss National Forest Inventory with data on root distribution and root mechanical properties. The results show that root reinforcement recovery depends primarily on stand altitude and slope inclination. The maximum root reinforcement recovery rate is reached at circa 100 years. RR increases continuously with different rates for stand ages over 200 years. These results shows that RR in spruce stands varies considerably depending on the local conditions and that its recovery after disturbances requires decades. The new method applied in this study allowed for the first time to quantify the long term dynamics of RR in spruce stands supporting new quantitative approaches for the analysis of shallow landslides disposition in different disturbance regimes of forests.

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Section: Comparison Of the Two Growth Rate Modelscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Temporal Dynamics of Root Reinforcement in European Spruce Forests

Flepp

Robyr

Scotti

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…This is in line with earlier findings which show that the isohydric Norway spruce species has tighter stomatal control in response to increasing VPD than the anisohydric European beech species, which can tolerate drought stress better [29,[58][59][60]. Therefore, as more frequent heatwaves and drought spells characterize the proceeding climate change, an unavoidable shift of the Central Europe silviculture strategy is expected, providing likely higher opportunity for growing European beech while a higher risk for the coniferous Norway spruce [61,62]. Additionally, GPP norm reduction within the beech forest site was presumably mainly induced by edaphic drought stress (low soil moisture) conditions, further stressing the significant impact of SVWC on forest GPP, especially at the beech forest stand due to its different soil properties (more clayey soil) from the other forest sites [23,[63][64][65][66][67].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Environmental Effects on Normalized Gross Primary Productivity in Beech and Norway Spruce Forests

et al. 2021

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The strong effects of climate change are expected to negatively impact the long-term resilience and function of forest ecosystems, which could lead to changes in forest carbon balance and productivity. However, these forest responses may vary with local conditions and forest types. Accordingly, this study was carried out to determine gross primary productivity (GPP) sensitivity to changes in environmental parameters. Central European beech (at Štítná) and spruce species (at Bílý Kr̆íz̆ and Rájec), growing under contrasting climatic conditions, were studied. The comparative analyses of GPP were based on a five-year-long dataset of eddy covariance fluxes during the main growing season (2012–2016). Results of forest GPP responses with changes in environmental factors from a traditional Stepwise multiple linear regression model (SMLR) were used and compared with Random forest (RF) analyses. To demonstrate how actual GPP trends compare to potential GPP (GPPpot) courses expected under near-optimal environmental conditions, we computed normalized GPP (GPPnorm) with values between 0 and 1 as the ratio of the estimated daily sum of GPP to GPPpot. The study confirmed the well-known effect of total intensity of the photosynthetically active radiation and its diffuse fraction on GPPnorm across all the forest types. However, the study also showed the secondary effects of other environmental variables on forest productivity depending on the species and local climatic conditions. The reduction in forest productivity at the beech forest in Štítná was presumed to be mainly induced by edaphic drought (anisohydric behaviour). In contrast, reduced forest productivity at the spruce forest sites was presumably induced by both meteorological and hydrological drought events, especially at the moderately dry climate in Rájec. Overall, our analyses call for more studies on forest productivity across different forest types and contrasting climatic conditions, as this productivity is strongly dependent on species type and site-specific environmental conditions.

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“…Comparisons between the two methods have shown that both techniques may differ in the calculation of such dates by one-two weeks (Mäkinen et al 2008;Cruz-García et al 2019). Dendrometers, however, are not as cost and labor-intensive and thus a larger number of trees can be monitored over a longer-time period (Vospernik and Nothdurft 2018;Krejza et al 2020;Szymczak 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In temperate forests the onset of tree growth is triggered by increasing temperatures in spring, when day length increases (Körner and Basler 2010). Tree growth in conifers and broadleaf trees is reported to start when air temperature rises above 5 °C (Begum et al 2007;Rossi et al 2007) and maximum growth for many species is synchronously observed in June shortly before the summer solstice (Rossi et al 2007;Krejza et al 2020;Pukienė et al 2020). For many species the period of rapid growth is quite short.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-annual diameter growth variation of six common European tree species in pure and mixed stands

Strieder¹,

Vospernik²

2021

Silva Fenn.

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Studies of intra-annual growth are particularly useful for understanding tree growth because of their high temporal resolution. This study was performed in Austria and included hourly band dendrometer data of 244 annual tree recordings from six tree species ( (L.) Karst., L., Mill., Mill., L., spp. ( (Matt.) Liebl., L.) sampled on five sites with contrasting site conditions in pure and mixed stands and on trees of different social position. Measurements encompassed 1â7 years. Cumulative diameter increment was modelled by logistic mixed-effects models with random effects at the tree and year level. The results showed large differences in seasonal growth patterns between sites, with a clearly shorter growing season at the drier sites. Species specific response on dry sites could be linked to drought characteristics, whereas response on more humid sites was related to light requirements or successional status. The deciduous trees showed earlier growth culmination and shorter growing periods than the evergreen species. Individual tree growth of spp., , and was positively affected by mixture whereas , and showed no or adverse mixture effects. Mixture effects differed between years and social position. Furthermore, increment culmination was earlier in mixed stands, but shifts were minor. Tree growth differed by social position with dominant trees showing the largest increment and the longest growth duration, with shifts in tree growth patterns due to social position being as large as those between different sites.Picea abiesPinus sylvestrisLarix deciduaAbies albaFagus sylvaticaQuercusQuercus petraeaQuercus roburQuercusP. abiesF. sylvaticaL. deciduaP. sylvestrisA. alba

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Evidence of climate-induced stress of Norway spruce along elevation gradient preceding the current dieback in Central Europe

Cited by 66 publications

References 77 publications

Temporal Dynamics of Root Reinforcement in European Spruce Forests

Temporal Dynamics of Root Reinforcement in European Spruce Forests

Environmental Effects on Normalized Gross Primary Productivity in Beech and Norway Spruce Forests

Intra-annual diameter growth variation of six common European tree species in pure and mixed stands

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