Evidence of Avian Pneumovirus Spread Beyond Minnesota Among Wild and Domestic Birds in Central North America

Abstract

To detect avian pneumovirus (APV) in central North America, nasal turbinates or choanal deft tissues from domestic turkeys and wild birds were examined for the presence of APV RNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), whereas serum samples from domestic turkeys were analyzed for APV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In 2002, the seroprevalence of disease in domestic turkeys in Minnesota remained high (42.3% of the flocks). In addition, there is evidence the disease has spread to turkey flocks in North Dakota (8.2%), South Dakota (7%), Iowa (10%), and Wisconsin (8.6%) as detected by RT-PCR and/or ELISA. House sparrows and ring-billed gulls sampled in Minnesota and snow geese from Saskatchewan, Canada, were found to harbor APV RNA. Sequence analysis of wild bird APV strains showed high amino acid sequence identity among wild bird isolates (<97%) and between wild bird and turkey viral isolates (93.2%-99.3%). This study demonstrated that APV infections were present in domestic turkey flocks and wild birds outside the state of Minnesota; however, the role of wild birds in spreading APV to domestic turkeys remains unclear.

Seroprevalence of avian metapneumovirus infection in broiler and broiler breeder chickens in Iran

“…Oceania and Canada are the only regions that have not reported aMPV (Cook, 2000;Gough, 2003). There is serological and molecular evidence that aMPV occurs in a variety of other avian species, including pheasants, guinea fowl, ostriches, passerines and various waterfowl (Shin et al, 2002;Gough, 2003;Bennett et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2007), but there is no evidence of disease (Pedersen and Gough, 2009).…”

APLICAÇÃO DA TÉCNICA DE RT-PCR PARA Metapneumovírus aviário (aMPV)

“…Já na Austrália e no Canadá, Heckert e Myers (1993), relataram a ausência de anticorpos para aMPV. Recentemente Bennett et al (2004) detectaram o RNA do aMPV em aves selvagens canadenses. Estes dados sugerem uma distribuição cosmopolita do vírus, pelo menos nos países de alta produção avícola industrial, excluindo-se a Austrália (COOK, 2000).…”

Interferencia De La Vacunación Simultánea Contra Metapneumovirus Aviar, Bronquitis Infecciosa Y Enfermedad De Newcastle en Pollos De Carne.

“…La morbilidad es cercana al 10% y la mortalidad usualmente no sobrepasa el 2% (Jones, 2002), aunque en casos complicados con E. coli puede llegar al 20% (Gross, 1994). No está demostrada la transmisión vertical (Bennett et al, 2001), pero se ha detectado ARN viral en la fisura palatina de pavitos recién nacidos (Shin et al, 2002); asimismo, las progenies provenientes de reproductoras con brotes de aMPV tienen mayor tendencia a la enfermedad que progenies de reproductoras sanas (Villegas, 2009). …”