Evidence of a tissue‐restricting DNA regulatory element in the mouse IRBP promoter

Boatright, Jeffrey H; Knox, Barry E.; Jones, Kyle M.; Stodůlková, Eva; Nguyen, Ha Tuyen; Padove, S.A.; Borst, Diane E.; Nickerson, John M.

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02662-x

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previously, we had obtained similar results using the mouse cone arrestin promoter, but there was also expression in many other Xenopus tissues [30]. Mouse IRBP 5 ′ upstream regulatory sequences directed reporter gene expression in a more restrictive pattern in transgenic frogs, but both rods and cones expressed the transgene [31]. This is the first report of a mammalian cone promoter directing expression to frog cone photoreceptors.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Conserved transcriptional regulation of a cone phototransduction gene in vertebrates

Viczian

Verardo²,

Zuber

et al. 2004

FEBS Letters

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cGMP-phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a key component in visual phototransduction. Rod and cone photoreceptors each produce their unique cGMP-PDE subunits. The a 0 catalytic subunits are believed to be cone-specific. In this study, we report that transfection of the )132 to +139 sequence in the upstream region of the human a 0 -PDE gene fused to luciferase cDNA gives the highest level of reporter gene transcription in cultured retinoblastoma Y79 cells. Transgenic Xenopus laevis carrying this sequence fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressed GFP in cones, suggesting a conserved regulatory mechanism for a 0 -PDE transcription in both human and frog.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Conserved transcriptional regulation of a cone phototransduction gene in vertebrates

Viczian

Verardo²,

Zuber

et al. 2004

FEBS Letters

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“…Promoters have exhibited at least partial functionality between mammals and lower vertebrates. For example, the human ␤-PDE and IRBP proximal promoters were found to drive rod or photoreceptor-specific expression, respectively, in Xenopus (9,10). Current attention is focused upon identifying the specific sequences that are important for cell-specific expression and the transcription factors that regulate gene expression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved Transcriptional Activators of the Xenopus Rhodopsin Gene

Whitaker

Knox

2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Vertebrate rhodopsin promoters exhibit striking sequence identities proximal to the initiation site, suggesting that conserved transcription factors regulate rhodopsin expression in these animals. We identify and characterize two transcriptional activators of the Xenopus rhodopsin gene: homologs of the mammalian Crx and Nrl transcription factors, XOtx5 and XL-Nrl (originally named XL-maf), respectively. XOtx5 stimulated transcription ϳ10-fold in human 293 cells co-transfected with a plasmid containing the rhodopsin promoter (؊508 to ؉41) upstream of luciferase, similar to the ϳ6-fold stimulation with human Crx. XL-Nrl stimulated transcription ϳ27-fold in mammalian 293 cells co-transfected with the rhodopsin luciferase reporter, slightly more than the ϳ17-fold stimulation with Nrl. Together, the Xenopus transcription factors synergistically activated the rhodopsin promoter (ϳ140-fold), as well as in combination with mammalian homologs. Deletion of the Nrl-response element, TGCTGA, eliminated the synergistic activation by both mammalian and Xenopus transcription factors. Deletion of the conserved ATTA sequences (Ret-1 or BAT-1), binding sites for Crx, did not significantly decrease activation by Crx/XOtx5. However, there was increased activation by Nrl/XL-Nrl and an increased synergy when the Ret-1 site was disrupted. These results illustrate conservation of mechanisms of retinal gene expression among vertebrates. In transgenic tadpoles, XOtx5 and XL-Nrl directed premature and ectopic expression from the Xenopus rhodopsin promoter-GFP transgene. Furthermore, activation of the endogenous rhodopsin gene was also observed in some animals, showing that XOtx5 and XL-Nrl can activate the promoter in native chromatin environment.Photoreceptors are highly specialized cells with complex structures that permit efficient light absorption, high signal transduction amplification, rapid kinetics, and adaptation over a range of light intensities (1). Phototransduction requires the coordinated expression of many genes, including the visual pigments that absorb light, enzymes involved in the cGMP cascade, ion channels plus multiple regulatory and structural proteins. It has been estimated using serial analysis of gene expression that ϳ4% of the genes expressed in the retina encode phototransduction proteins (2). Many of these genes are quite conserved in vertebrates. Moreover, programs of eye development share many conserved features in the animal kingdom (3, 4). Even in such distantly related species as Drosophila and humans, similar transcription factors are involved in development and expression of retina-specific genes (5, 6), although the evolutionary significance is not yet settled (5, 7, 8). Often, proteins involved in growth and differentiation of the eye from one species can substitute for homologs in distantly related species (4, 7). This conservation also extends to the cis-acting elements in proximal promoters of retinal genes. Promoters have exhibited at least partial functionality between mammals and lower vertebrate...

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“…Experiments with transgenic mice using the wild-type mMCK promoter show stronger expression in skeletal muscle than cardiac muscle (8). Since few mammalian promoters have been explored for use in transgenic X. laevis, the mMCK promoter may be useful for muscle-specific expression in Xenopus throughout embryonic, larval, and adult development (2,3,13,24,31).…”

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confidence: 99%

The mouse muscle creatine kinase promoter faithfully drives reporter gene expression in transgenicXenopus laevis

Lim

Neff

Furlow

2004

Physiological Genomics

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Developing Xenopus laevis experience two periods of muscle differentiation, once during embryogenesis and again at metamorphosis. During metamorphosis, thyroid hormone induces both muscle growth in the limbs and muscle death in the tail. In mammals, the muscle creatine kinase (MCK) gene is activated during the differentiation from myoblasts to myocytes and has served as both a marker for muscle development and to drive transgene expression in transgenic mice. Transcriptional control elements are generally highly conserved throughout evolution, potentially allowing mouse promoter use in transgenic X. laevis. This paper compares endogenous X. laevis MCK gene expression and the mouse MCK (mMCK) promoter driving a green fluorescent protein reporter in transgenic X. laevis. The mMCK promoter demonstrated strong skeletal muscle-specific transgene expression in both the juvenile tadpole and adult frog. Therefore, our results clearly demonstrate the functional conservation of regulatory sequences in vertebrate muscle gene promoters and illustrate the utility of using X. laevis transgenesis for detailed comparative study of mammalian promoter activity in vivo.

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Evidence of a tissue‐restricting DNA regulatory element in the mouse IRBP promoter

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Conserved transcriptional regulation of a cone phototransduction gene in vertebrates

Conserved transcriptional regulation of a cone phototransduction gene in vertebrates

Conserved Transcriptional Activators of the Xenopus Rhodopsin Gene

The mouse muscle creatine kinase promoter faithfully drives reporter gene expression in transgenicXenopus laevis

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