“…Ball and Brown (1968) and Rendleman, Jones, and Latane (1982) show a direct relationship between common stock price changes and the announcement of unexpected earnings. Charest (1978), Aharony andSwary (1980), Kwan (1981), Mullins (1983), Brickley (1983), Handjinicolaou andKalay (1984), Fehrs, Benesh, andPeterson (1988), and Lang and Litzenberger (1989) support the information content of dividend announcements. Kane, Lee, and Marcus (1984) provide evidence of signaling interactions between earnings and dividends announcements.…”