Evidence of a high percentage of intersex in the Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.)

Occurrence of intersexuality in " Lambaris" , Astyanax scabripinnis (Jenyns, 1842), small characids from the Brazilian streams

“…Intersex was not observed in hatchery-reared white perch or in white perch collected by Kavanagh et al (2004) from an uncontaminated reference site in the United States. In the present work, it was observed that the intersexuality occurrences in the populations were inside the range observed for other species, as found in the literature: from 0.1% (Jafri and Ensor, 1979;Fraser, 1997;van Eenennaam and Dorosov, 1998;Lukšienė et al, 2000;Barnhoorn et al, 2004) to 25% (De Metrio et al, 2003) or more (Gercken and Sordyl, 2002;Kavanagh et al, 2004). However, it was noteworthy that the highest frequency of intersex (9.8%) was recorded for the fish population collected in Capivari stream, the water outflow from an urban reservoir receiving both, the agricultural runoff and the domestic sewage from a touristic town.…”

“…Intersex gonads were found at all the sites, but the highest incidences (12 to 15%) occurred at one of places with still water; the elevated concentrations of plasma vitellogenin indicated that fish had been exposed to estrogens. De Metrio et al (2003) reported evidence of a high percentage of intersex (25%) in a wild population of Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and immunohistochemically demonstrated the presence of vitellogenin in the liver of both, intersex and normal males. According to the authors, these findings could be due to the exposure to endocrine disrupting substances that promoted estrogenic effects.…”

Evidence for estrogenic endocrine disruption in an offshore flatfish, the dab (Limanda limanda L.)

“…The occurrence of males with intersex gonads (Lye et al, 1997;Allen et al, 1999b;Cho, Kurihara, Strussmann, Uozumi, Yamakawa, Yamasaki et al, 2003;De Metrio et al, 2003) or feminised secondary sexual characteristics (Kirby, Bignell, Brown, Craft, Davies, Dyer et al, 2003) has been directly ascribed to estrogenic exposure. Although, two intersex dab were found in the Dogger Bank area during the CSEMP survey in 2003 (Stentiford & Feist, 2005), none was found in the 2004 and 2005 surveys.…”

“…DDT, PCB). This hypothesis is 3 supported by abnormal VTG production being found in males of two other top predators, tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius), that inhabit pelagic environments even further from shore (Fossi, Casini, Ancora, Moscatelli, Ausili, & Notarbartolo-di-Sciara, 2001;Fossi, Casini, Marsili, Neri, Mori, Ancora et al, 2002;De Metrio, Corriero, Desantis, Zubani, Cirillo, Deflorio et al, 2003;Fossi, Casini, Marsili, Ancora, Mori, Neri et al, 2004;Desantis, Corriero, Cirillo, Deflorio, Brill, Griffiths et al, 2005). Furthermore, in tuna, it also appears that the larger fish have higher VTG production (Barucca, Canapa, Olmo, & Regoli, 2006).…”

First record of intersexuality gonad anomaly in Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) from Alboran Sea

“…Muchos autores han descrito casos de intersexualidad en peces pelágicos, tanto fuera del mar Mediterráneo: Katsuwonus pelamis (L., 1758) (Raju, 1960), Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (Okiyama & Kawaguchi 1974), o Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Sawada et al 2002), como dentro del mar Mediterráneo: Thunnus thynnus (L., 1758) (Caprioli et al 2007), Xiphias gladius L., 1758 (De Metrio et al 2003), S. japonicus (Ozekinci et al 2009) y Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) (Macias et al 2014).…”