Evidence for the Role of Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier 4 as a General Autoimmunity Locus in the Japanese Population

Abstract

These results indicate that the SUMO4 is a more common autoimmune disease gene and a supplementary risk factor to type 1 diabetes in conjunction with class II HLA.

SUMO4 M55V polymorphism affects susceptibility to type I diabetes in HLA DR3- and DR4-positive Swedish patients

“…Tsurumaru et al 18 reported SUMO4 M55V to be positively associated The subjects included in this study were 673 consequently diagnosed new onset TIDM patients and 535 healthy controls in the age group of 0-35 years, age-and sex-matched. 21,22 Detailed description of study population are described in references.…”

Association of NFKB1 −94ins/del ATTG promoter polymorphism with susceptibility to and phenotype of Graves' disease

“…4 This polymorphism has been associated with susceptibility to AITD, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis in Asian populations. 5,6 However, the association of M55V with Graves' disease (GD) and T1D could not be replicated in Caucasian populations, suggesting heterogeneity in the genetic effect of the SUMO4 locus among diverse ethnic groups. [7][8][9][10] MAP3K7IP2 (also known as TAB2) encodes a different inhibitor of the NF-kB signaling pathway and a SNP (001Msp) has been shown to be associated with AITD.…”

Association between the SUMO4 M55V (A163G) polymorphism and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis

“…Fifty-eight studies were identified by electronic and manual searching and 15 were selected for a full-text review based on title and abstract details [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][23][24][25][26][27]. Seven reports were excluded because they contained family data [23][24][25][26], duplicated data [9], and data not in HWE [7,27], and thus, eight reports met the inclusion criteria [3,6,8,[10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Seven reports were excluded because they contained family data [23][24][25][26], duplicated data [9], and data not in HWE [7,27], and thus, eight reports met the inclusion criteria [3,6,8,[10][11][12][13][14]. However, one study had data on three different groups [8], and one study included five different groups [3], and we analyzed these groups independently.…”

“…Several articles have reported an association between the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and T1D, but by no means in all [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The reasons for this disparity may be small sample sizes, low statistical power, and/or clinical heterogeneity, and therefore, to overcome the limitations of individual studies, resolve inconsistencies, and reduce the likelihood that random errors are responsible for false-positive or false-negative associations [15][16][17], we turned to meta-analysis.…”