Evidence for Sex Pheromones in Planktonic Copepods

Katona, Steven K.

doi:10.4319/lo.1973.18.4.0574

Cited by 184 publications

(138 citation statements)

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“…For example, Katona (1973) found male detection distances for females of up to 20 mm for Eurytemora sp. and Doall et al females at distances of up to 34 mm (34 body lengths), and more than 10 s after the female had swum past.…”

Section: (C) Behavioural Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the work on zooplankton mating behaviour has centred on investigating ways in which male copepods increase their probability of encounter with females (Katona 1973;Gri¤ths & Frost 1976;Blades & Youngbluth 1980;Watras 1983;Uchima 1985;Uchima & Murano 1988;Yen 1988;Van Duren & Videler 1996;Yen & Strickler 1996;Doall et al, this volume;Weissburg et al, this volume). The theoretical model of prey encounter developed by Gerritsen & Strickler (1977) shows that predators of slowly moving prey can maximize encounter rates by increasing their swimming speeds (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this scenario, sex pheromones may enhance mating success by e¡ectively expanding the encounter radius of males for females (Van Leeuwen & Maly 1991; but see Doall et al, this volume). There is strong evidence that some male copepods use water-borne chemical signals to locate females (Katona 1973;Doall et al, this volume;Yen et al, this volume;Weissburg et al, this volume), and cladocerans are known to respond behaviourally to chemical signals from both predators and conspeci¢cs (Larsson & Dodson 1993). However, to date, investigations of Daphnia mating have not revealed whether males are able to exploit chemical signals to increase encounter rates with females, or if they must rely on other modes of mate detection such as mechanoreception or vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating behaviours of Daphnia pulicaria, a cyclic parthenogen: comparisons with copepods

Brewer

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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The pre-and post-contact mating behaviours of Daphnia pulicaria are investigated by direct observations of vertical distributions, swimming behaviours and male^female interactions. Analysis of vertical distributions in a 1m deep, thermally strati¢ed migration chamber reveals that females were always located in the upper layer of the water column but males exhibited a bimodal depth distribution, in which an individual's depth was a function of body length and water temperature. The observed distributions of males may be the result of several interacting pressures; predation avoidance, life-history optimization, and avoidance of assortative mating. Male swimming behaviour was faster and orthogonal to that of females, which is in agreement with the predictions of encounter-rate maximization models. Video recordings of males and females interacting in a 1-litre vessel showed that males both pursued and contacted other males more often than females. Thus, there was no evidence that Daphnia are able to use water-borne chemical signals to locate and identify potential mates. However, the average duration of male^female contacts (13.8 s) was much longer than those between males (1.6 s), suggesting that males can determine the sex of contacted individuals.Daphnia mating behaviour is signi¢cantly more complex than previously acknowledged. In contrast to the conventional view of Daphnia males swimming more-or-less randomly and mating with any individual encountered, they exhibit behaviours which increase the potential of mating with females while reducing the risk of predation. Several male behaviours, such as`scanning' and the performance of area-restricted spirals upon encounter, are similar to those reported for some copepods and may be common to zooplankton that lack sophisticated chemosensory abilities. The possibility that Daphnia may also be able to assess such important female attributes as species and reproductive status is discussed.

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Section: (C) Behavioural Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating behaviours of Daphnia pulicaria, a cyclic parthenogen: comparisons with copepods

Brewer

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…Others like A. tonsa use hydrodynamical cues for mate search (Bagøien and Kiørboe 2004). Typically, males take the active part of searching for females (e.g., Katona 1973), which may increase their mortality relative to the females (Hirst et al 2010). The swimming pattern during mate search also varies between species and sexes, and is related to the feeding strategies: male copepods that cruise through the water when feeding, or do not feed at all, can search for mates all the time, while the males of ambush-feeding copepods must switch between feeding and mate searching, and adopt very high swimming velocities during search swimming (Kiørboe 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

2012

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The importance of sexual selection for the evolution, dynamics and adaptation of organisms is well known for many species. However, the topic is rarely studied in marine plankton, the basis of the marine food web. Copepods show behaviors that suggest the existence of sexually selected traits, and recent laboratory experiments identified some selected morphological traits. Here, we use a 'life history-based' model of sex roles to determine the optimal choosiness behavior of male and female copepods for important copepod traits. Copepod females are predicted to be choosy at population densities typically occurring during the main breeding season, whereas males are not. The main drivers of this pattern are population density and the difference in non-receptive periods between males and females. This suggests that male reproductive traits have evolved mainly due to mate competition. The model can easily be parameterized for other planktonic organisms, and be used to plan experiments about sexual selection.

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“…It is generally accepted that for successful courtship and copulation most copepods rely on sensory modalities other than vision, such as mechanoreception and chemoreception (Blades & Youngbluth 1980;Blades-Eckelbarger 1991;Lonsdale et al 1998). Katona (1973) asserted that di¡usible pheromones elicit well-de¢ned, mate-seeking behaviours, but that actual mate recognition occurs upon contact of male and female. Surface-bound molecules may promote mate recognition in copepods (Snell & Morris 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of contact chemical signals on mate recognition in an harpacticoid copepod

Frey

Lonsdale

Snell

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Among copepods, reproduction is facilitated by a combination of sensory modalities, such as mechano-and chemoreception. The role of chemical communication in copepod mate recognition was assessed using behavioural bioassays that were based on precopulatory behaviours of an estuarine harpacticoid, Coullana canadensis, and the sibling species Coullana sp. Intra-and interspeci¢c crosses demonstrated that males recognize genetically distinct conspeci¢c and heterospeci¢c females, indicating that prezygotic isolation remains incomplete. There was no association between the frequency of mate-guarding behaviour and geographic distance between populations of C. canadensis. However, reduced levels of interspeci¢c mate guarding relative to intraspeci¢c frequencies suggest the existence of a species-speci¢c mate-recognition system. Lectins, which possess strong a¤nities for speci¢c carbohydrate groups, were used to con¢rm that glycoproteins on the surface of females function as mate-recognition factors. Information regarding the chemical composition of these molecules was derived from observed e¡ects of lectin binding to females on male mate-guarding behaviour. Mate guarding was inhibited within all tested populations when treated withTriticum vulgaris, a lectin that possesses an a¤nity for carbohydrates of the N-acetylglucosamine group. Surface glycoproteins responsible for mate recognition in the two species of Coullana may be glycosylated with monosaccharides from this group. Di¡erential responses to lectin treatments suggested that composition of the contact chemical cues vary among populations of C. canadensis and between species. Yet, populations that appeared most similar based on shared lectin responses successfully discriminated against each other in mate-selection experiments. These ¢ndings indicate that contact chemical cues probably act in concert with additional factors to promote e¡ective mate recognition and thereby contribute to reproductive success.

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Evidence for Sex Pheromones in Planktonic Copepods

Cited by 184 publications

References 13 publications

Mating behaviours of Daphnia pulicaria, a cyclic parthenogen: comparisons with copepods

Mating behaviours of Daphnia pulicaria, a cyclic parthenogen: comparisons with copepods

Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

The influence of contact chemical signals on mate recognition in an harpacticoid copepod

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