Evidence for photochemical production of ozone at the South Pole surface

Crawford, J. H.; Davis, Douglas D.; Chen, G.; Buhr, M.; Oltmans, S. J.; Weller, Rolf; Mauldin, L.; Eisele, F.; Shetter, R. E.; Lefer, B. L.; Arimoto, R.; Hogan, Austin W.

doi:10.1029/2001gl013055

Cited by 109 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Neumayer, Syowa, McMurdo and Sanae (Helmig et al, 2007)). The cycle differs from that of South Pole, where surface ozone values decrease during spring from a winter peak before escalating rapidly towards a sharp annual maximum in summer (Crawford et al, 2001;Helmig et al, 2007). This unusual behaviour is associated with high mixing ratios of NO x which are themselves driven by emissions from the snowpack Oncley et al, 2004); at sufficiently high NO 2 mixing ratios, in situ ozone production occurs which dominates over loss processes (Crawford et al, 2001).…”

Section: Surface Ozonementioning

confidence: 79%

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

et al. 2008

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Abstract. CHABLIS (Chemistry of the Antarctic BoundaryLayer and the Interface with Snow) was a collaborative UK research project aimed at probing the detailed chemistry of the Antarctic boundary layer and the exchange of trace gases at the snow surface. The centre-piece to CHABLIS was the measurement campaign, conducted at the British Antarctic Survey station, Halley, in coastal Antarctica, from January 2004 through to February 2005. The campaign measurements covered an extremely wide range of species allowing investigations to be carried out within the broad context of boundary layer chemistry. Here we present an overview of the CHABLIS campaign. We provide details of the measurement location and introduce the Clean Air Sector Laboratory (CASLab) where the majority of the instruments were housed. We describe the meteorological conditions experienced during the campaign and present supporting chemical data, both of which provide a context within which to view the campaign results. Finally we provide a brief sumCorrespondence to: A. E. Jones (a.jones@bas.ac.uk) mary of highlights from the measurement campaign. Unexpectedly high halogen concentrations profoundly affect the chemistry of many species at Halley throughout the sunlit months, with a secondary role played by emissions from the snowpack. This overarching role for halogens in coastal Antarctic boundary layer chemistry was completely unanticipated, and the results have led to a step-change in our thinking and understanding.

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Section: Surface Ozonementioning

confidence: 79%

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

et al. 2008

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“…As discussed earlier, snowpack emissions due to the photolysis of nitrate in the snow during late spring and summer could contribute to NO x and HONO levels in the ambient air, which could enhance O 3 production (Crawford et al, 2001;Zhou et al, 2001;Dibb et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2002;Grannas et al, 2007;Legrand et al, 2014). We ran a sensitivity study to test the response of surface O 3 mixing ratios to the perturbations of NO x and HONO from snowpack emissions.…”

Section: Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations

Huang¹,

Wu²,

Kramer³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Recent studies have shown significant challenges for atmospheric models to simulate tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) and its precursors in the Arctic. In this study, ground-based data were combined with a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to examine the abundance and seasonal variations of O 3 and its precursors at Summit, Greenland (72.34 • N, 38.29 • W; 3212 m a.s.l.). Model simulations for atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO x ), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), propane (C 3 H 8 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and O 3 for the period July 2008-June 2010 were compared with observations. The model performed well in simulating certain species (such as CO and C 3 H 8 ), but some significant discrepancies were identified for other species and further investigated. The model generally underestimated NO x and PAN (by ∼ 50 and 30 %, respectively) for MarchJune. Likely contributing factors to the low bias include missing NO x and PAN emissions from snowpack chemistry in the model. At the same time, the model overestimated NO x mixing ratios by more than a factor of 2 in wintertime, with episodic NO x mixing ratios up to 15 times higher than the typical NO x levels at Summit. Further investigation showed that these simulated episodic NO x spikes were always associated with transport events from Europe, but the exact cause remained unclear. The model systematically overestimated C 2 H 6 mixing ratios by approximately 20 % relative to observations. This discrepancy can be resolved by decreasing anthropogenic C 2 H 6 emissions over Asia and the US by ∼ 20 %, from 5.4 to 4.4 Tg year −1 . GEOS-Chem was able to reproduce the seasonal variability of O 3 and its spring maximum. However, compared with observations, it underestimated surface O 3 by approximately 13 % (6.5 ppbv) from April to July. This low bias appeared to be driven by several factors including missing snowpack emissions of NO x and nitrous acid in the model, the weak simulated stratosphereto-troposphere exchange flux of O 3 over the summit, and the coarse model resolution.

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“…Crawford et al, 2001;Davis et al, 2001Davis et al, , 2004Oncley et al 2004;Jones et al, 2008). Furthermore, the precise role that global circulation patterns play in the seasonal cycles of some trace species in Antarctica continues to challenge the global modelling community (Zhang et al, 2011(Zhang et al, , 2008Josse et al, 2004;Taguchi et al, 2002;Heinmann et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising terrestrial influences on Antarctic air masses using Radon-222 measurements at King George Island

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We report on one year of high-precision direct hourly radon observations at King Sejong Station (King George Island) beginning in February 2013. Findings are compared with historic and ongoing radon measurements from other Antarctic sites. Monthly median concentrations reduced from 72 mBq m −3 in late-summer to 44 mBq m −3 in late winter and early spring. Monthly 10th percentiles, ranging from 29 to 49 mBq m −3 , were typical of oceanic baseline values. Diurnal cycles were rarely evident and local influences were minor, consistent with regional radon flux estimates one tenth of the global average for ice-free land. The predominant fetch region for terrestrially influenced air masses was South America (47-53 • S), with minor influences also attributed to aged Australian air masses and local sources. Plume dilution factors of 2.8-4.0 were estimated for the most terrestrially influenced (South American) air masses, and a seasonal cycle in terrestrial influence on tropospheric air descending at the pole was identified and characterised.

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Evidence for photochemical production of ozone at the South Pole surface

Cited by 109 publications

References 18 publications

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations

Characterising terrestrial influences on Antarctic air masses using Radon-222 measurements at King George Island

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