Evidence for Mother-to-Child Transmission of Zika Virus Through Breast Milk

Blohm, Gabriela M.; Lednicky, John A.; Márquez, M. Carmen; White, Sarah K.; Loeb, Julia C.; Pacheco, Carlos Arruda; Nolan, David J.; Paisie, Taylor; Salemi, Marco; Rodríguez‐Morales, Alfonso J.; Morris, J. Glenn; Pulliam, Juliet R. C.; Paniz‐Mondolfi, Alberto

doi:10.1093/cid/cix968

Cited by 83 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Infants and children can also acquire ZIKV infection postnatally through mosquito bites and possibly breast milk 23 . As ZIKV has adapted to persistent endemic transmission 24 , continued exposures of the young are likely, evidenced by 9% of children aged 1-4 years testing ZIKV seropositive in Indonesia 25 .…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term alterations in brain and behavior after postnatal Zika virus infections in infant macaques

Raper

Kovacs-Balint

Mavinger

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Considering the impact that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has on the fetal nervous system and given that the postnatal period is also a time of rapid brain growth, it is important to understand the potential neurobehavioral consequences of ZIKV infection during infancy. Using a rhesus macaque (RM) model, we showed that postnatal ZIKV infection resulted in long-term behavioral changes, including increased emotional reactivity, decreased social contact, loss of balance, and deficits in visual recognition memory at one year of age. Structural and functional MRI showed that ZIKV-infected infant RMs had persistent enlargement of lateral ventricles, smaller volumes and altered functional connectivity between brain areas important for socioemotional behavior and cognitive function (e.g. amygdala, hippocampus, cerebellum). Neuropathological changes corresponded with neuroimaging results and were consistent with the behavioral and memory deficits. Overall, this study demonstrates that postnatal ZIKV infection of infants in this model has long lasting neurodevelopmental consequences.

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Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term alterations in brain and behavior after postnatal Zika virus infections in infant macaques

Raper

Kovacs-Balint

Mavinger

et al. 2019

Preprint

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show abstract

“…ZIKV is predominantly transmitted via mosquitos. However, other non-vector routes of transmission have been reported including sexual transmission (McCarthy, 2016;D'Ortenzio et al, 2016), blood transfusion (Musso et al, 2014;Boadle et al, 2019), animal bite (Leung et al, 2015), and possibly breast milk (Blohm et al, 2018;Colt et al, 2017) and other bodily fluids (Swaminathan et al, 2016).…”

Section: How Is Zika Virus Transmitted?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus Infection and Implications for Reproduction

Giles

Cole

2019

FandR

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Zika virus infection during pregnancy can have devastating effects on the foetus leading to congenital Zika syndrome. It is relevant therefore for couples living in countries with endemic Zika virus to understand the strategies they can utilise to reduce the chance of infection. In addition, couples planning pregnancy, or who are already pregnant, travelling to countries with Zika virus need to be informed of the potential risk and implications for future reproductive planning.

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“…Other non-mosquito ZIKV transmission routes have been reported, such as maternal-fetal 12,13 , by blood transfusion 15 and through sexual contact 16,17 . ZIKV ribonucleic acid (RNA) has been detected in the blood, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, semen, breast milk 18,19 , vagina and cervix, but ZIKV dynamics in body fluids is not well understood 20,21 . In the context of ZIKV sexual transmission, there are several reports of male-tofemale 16,17,[22][23][24][25] and male-to-male 26 transmission, but few studies showing female-to-male transmission 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%