Evidence for marine biogenic influence on summertime Arctic aerosol

Willis, Megan D.; Köllner, Franziska; Burkart, Julia; Bozem, Heiko; Thomas, Jennie L.; Schneider, Johannes; Aliabadi, Amir A.; Hoor, Peter; Schulz, Hannes; Herber, Andreas; Leaitch, W. R.; Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.

doi:10.1002/2017gl073359

Cited by 69 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(170 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(a) Relationship between the estimated oxygen‐to‐carbon (O/C) and hydrogen‐to‐carbon (H/C) ratios of organic species colored by the MSA‐to‐sulfate ratio, above 300 m (triangles) and below 300 m (circles) from Figure 3 in Willis et al (). Gray lines represent the ambient range of O/C and H/C observed by Ng et al ().…”

Section: Regional Arctic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes Controlling the Composition and Abundance of Arctic Aerosol

Willis

Leaitch

Abbatt

2018

Reviews of Geophysics

Self Cite

135

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arctic region is a harbinger of global change and is warming at a rate higher than the global average. While Arctic warming is driven by increases in anthropogenic greenhouse gases' in combination with local feedback mechanisms, short‐lived climate forcing agents, such as tropospheric aerosol, are also important drivers of Arctic climate. Arctic aerosol‐climate impacts vary seasonally as a result of the interplay between aerosol and different cloud types, available solar radiation, sea ice, surface albedo, Arctic and lower latitude removal processes, and atmospheric transport patterns. Photochemistry and efficient wet aerosol removal have low impact in winter but become important in spring to summer, dramatically altering aerosol chemical composition, and driving the size distribution from a pronounced accumulation mode toward a dominance of smaller particles. Retreating sea ice, increasing solar insolation and warmer temperatures in summer result in enhanced emissions from Arctic marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and anthropogenic sources, with impacts on the composition of gas and particle phases. Fractional cloud cover reaches a maximum in Arctic summer, in parallel with decreasing sea ice extent and surface albedo. This seasonal variation corresponds to significant changes in the net cloud radiative effect; changes that are affected by aerosol. This review summarizes our current knowledge of processes that control Arctic aerosol properties. We highlight both natural and anthropogenic processes that will be impacted by current and future sea ice loss. Efforts are needed to better constrain aerosol removal rates, characterize aerosol precursors, and constrain the seasonality and magnitude of aerosol‐cloud‐climate impacts.

show abstract

Section: Regional Arctic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes Controlling the Composition and Abundance of Arctic Aerosol

Willis

Leaitch

Abbatt

2018

Reviews of Geophysics

Self Cite

135

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…S8 in the Supplement). Comparison of HR-ToF-AMS estimated oxygen-to-carbon (O / C) and hydrogen-to-carbon (H / C) ratios with the ALABAMA particulate TMA fraction gives an indication of the degree of particle oxidative aging (e.g., Jimenez et al, 2009;Heald et al, 2010;Ng et al, 2011;Willis et al, 2017). Less oxygenated organics measured with the HR-ToF-AMS were present when the fraction of TMA-containing particles was high (Fig.…”

Section: Tma-containing Particle Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sub-micron bulk aerosol composition was measured with an Aerodyne highresolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HRToF-AMS). Operation of the HR-ToF-AMS aboard Polar 6 during NETCARE is described in Willis et al (2016Willis et al ( , 2017. State parameters and meteorological measurements were made using an AIMMS-20 from Aventech Research Inc.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate trimethylamine in the summertime Canadian high Arctic lower troposphere

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Size-resolved and vertical profile measurements of single particle chemical composition (sampling altitude range 50-3000 m) were conducted in July 2014 in the Canadian high Arctic during an aircraft-based measurement campaign (NETCARE 2014). We deployed the single particle laser ablation aerosol mass spectrometer ALABAMA (vacuum aerodynamic diameter range approximately 200-1000 nm) to identify different particle types and their mixing states. On the basis of the single particle analysis, we found that a significant fraction (23 %) of all analyzed particles (in total: 7412) contained trimethylamine (TMA). Two main pieces of evidence suggest that these TMA-containing particles originated from emissions within the Arctic boundary layer. First, the maximum fraction of particulate TMA occurred in the Arctic boundary layer. Second, compared to particles observed aloft, TMA particles were smaller and less oxidized. Further, air mass history analysis, associated wind data and comparison with measurements of methanesulfonic acid give evidence of a marine-biogenic influence on particulate TMA. Moreover, the external mixture of TMAcontaining particles and sodium and chloride ("Na / Cl-") containing particles, together with low wind speeds, suggests particulate TMA results from secondary conversion of precursor gases released by the ocean. In contrast to TMAcontaining particles originating from inner-Arctic sources, particles with biomass burning markers (such as levoglucosan and potassium) showed a higher fraction at higher altitudes, indicating long-range transport as their source. Our measurements highlight the importance of natural, marine inner-Arctic sources for composition and growth of summertime Arctic aerosol.

show abstract

“…This is because the coloured shades cover the area of the full 10-day trajectories, while the newly formed aerosols are likely to grow into cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)-sized particles (> ∼ 70 nm) in a day or two (Dal Maso et al, 2005;Kulmala et al, 2001). At high-latitude sites including the Arctic it may take up to 3 days, due to a mean growth rate of newly formed particles of as low as 1 nm h −1 (Asmi et al, 2016;Kulmala et al, 2004;Ruuskanen et al, 2007;Ström et al, 2009;Tunved et al, 2003), unless close to the surface of the open sea in the Arctic, where such growth may occur over a few hours (Willis et al, 2016). A large part of the area covered by cluster 4 trajectories is where the air mass may have been exposed to marine and coastal precursor gases and where the condensation sinks are small due to low pre-existing particle concentrations, both of which enhance the probability of NPF.…”

Section: The Relationship Between the Atmospheric Flow And The Aerosomentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Arctic aerosol number size distributions: seasonality and transport patterns

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The Arctic environment has an amplified response to global climatic change. It is sensitive to human activities that mostly take place elsewhere. For this study, a multi-year set of observed aerosol number size distributions in the diameter range of 10 to 500 nm from five sites around the Arctic Ocean (Alert, Villum Research Station -Station Nord, Zeppelin, Tiksi and Barrow) was assembled and analysed.A cluster analysis of the aerosol number size distributions revealed four distinct distributions. Together with Lagrangian air parcel back-trajectories, they were used to link the observed aerosol number size distributions with a variety of transport regimes. This analysis yields insight into aerosol dynamics, transport and removal processes, on both an intraand an inter-monthly scale. For instance, the relative occurrence of aerosol number size distributions that indicate new particle formation (NPF) event is near zero during the dark months, increases gradually to ∼ 40 % from spring to summer, and then collapses in autumn. Also, the likelihood of Arctic haze aerosols is minimal in summer and peaks in April at all sites.The residence time of accumulation-mode particles in the Arctic troposphere is typically long enough to allow tracking them back to their source regions. Air flow that passes at low altitude over central Siberia and western Russia is associated with relatively high concentrations of accumulationmode particles (N acc ) at all five sites -often above 150 cm −3 .

show abstract

Evidence for marine biogenic influence on summertime Arctic aerosol

Cited by 69 publications

References 140 publications

Processes Controlling the Composition and Abundance of Arctic Aerosol

Processes Controlling the Composition and Abundance of Arctic Aerosol

Particulate trimethylamine in the summertime Canadian high Arctic lower troposphere

Pan-Arctic aerosol number size distributions: seasonality and transport patterns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About