Evidence for human-mediated range expansion and gene flow in an invasive grass

Arredondo, Tina M.; Marchini, Gina L.; Cruzan, Mitchell B.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.1125

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…often analyzed in isolation (25), in part because labor-intensive demographic studies are typically done at one or a few sites, making them severely limited in spatial replication (26). This means that we lack understanding about the relative importance of demographic change and global dispersal on biological invasions (27,28).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity

Smith

Hodkinson

Villellas

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

134

128

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When plants establish outside their native range, their ability to adapt to the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, the relative importance of these two factors is poorly understood. To quantify the influence of demography and dispersal on patterns of genetic diversity underlying adaptation, we used data from a globally distributed demographic research network comprising 35 native and 18 nonnative populations of Plantago lanceolata. Species-specific simulation experiments showed that dispersal would dilute demographic influences on genetic diversity at local scales. Populations in the native European range had strong spatial genetic structure associated with geographic distance and precipitation seasonality. In contrast, nonnative populations had weaker spatial genetic structure that was not associated with environmental gradients but with higher within-population genetic diversity. Our findings show that dispersal caused by repeated, long-distance, human-mediated introductions has allowed invasive plant populations to overcome environmental constraints on genetic diversity, even without strong demographic changes. The impact of invasive plants may, therefore, increase with repeated introductions, highlighting the need to constrain future introductions of species even if they already exist in an area.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity

Smith

Hodkinson

Villellas

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

134

128

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“…seek to understand how rat movements, interactions with native rodent species, and pest management strategies affect not only evolution in rats, but also the diversity and evolution of known and potentially emerging human pathogens, which are remarkably diverse and a potential threat to human health (Firth et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2018;Williams et al, 2018). These types of considerations represent an important avenue for future research in not just rodents, but any urban pest, such as black widow spiders , mosquitoes (Byrne & Nichols, 1999), invasive plants (Arredondo, Marchini, & Cruzan, 2018), and others.…”

Section: Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for urban evolutionary ecology

Rivkin

Santangelo

Alberti

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

200

197

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Urban ecosystems are rapidly expanding throughout the world, but how urban growth affects the evolutionary ecology of species living in urban areas remains largely unknown. Urban ecology has advanced our understanding of how the development of cities and towns change environmental conditions and alter ecological processes and patterns. However, despite decades of research in urban ecology, the extent to which urbanization influences evolutionary and eco‐evolutionary change has received little attention. The nascent field of urban evolutionary ecology seeks to understand how urbanization affects the evolution of populations, and how those evolutionary changes in turn influence the ecological dynamics of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Following a brief history of this emerging field, this Perspective article provides a research agenda and roadmap for future research aimed at advancing our understanding of the interplay between ecology and evolution of urban‐dwelling organisms. We identify six key questions that, if addressed, would significantly increase our understanding of how urbanization influences evolutionary processes. These questions consider how urbanization affects nonadaptive evolution, natural selection, and convergent evolution, in addition to the role of urban environmental heterogeneity on species evolution, and the roles of phenotypic plasticity versus adaptation on species’ abundance in cities. Our final question examines the impact of urbanization on evolutionary diversification. For each of these six questions, we suggest avenues for future research that will help advance the field of urban evolutionary ecology. Lastly, we highlight the importance of integrating urban evolutionary ecology into urban planning, conservation practice, pest management, and public engagement.

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“…The effects of urbanization on the ecology of arthropods also suggest that urban development could have large impacts on the evolution of arthropod populations. Urbanization can influence gene flow by either creating barriers, such as roads and habitat fragmentation that reduce gene flow (Holderegger and Di Giulio, 2010;Storfer et al, 2010), or habitat corridors and human-mediated dispersal that increase gene flow (Crispo et al, 2011;Arredondo et al, 2018;Miles et al, 2018a,b). Perhaps unsurprisingly, urbanization more frequently reduces gene flow for herbivorous arthropods (Desender et al, 2005;Davis et al, 2010;Schoville et al, 2013;López-Uribe et al, 2015;Vickruck and Richards, 2017) than it elevates it (Keller et al, 2004;Desender et al, 2005;Dronnet et al, 2005).…”

Section: Adaptive and Non-adaptive Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization Shapes the Ecology and Evolution of Plant-Arthropod Herbivore Interactions

et al. 2019

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Urbanization is quickly changing natural and agricultural landscapes, with consequences for the herbivorous arthropods dwelling in or near cities. Here, we review the evidence for the effects of urbanization on the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions. We first summarize how abiotic factors associated with urbanization affect the ecology and evolution of herbivorous arthropods. Next, we explore how urbanization affects plant-herbivore interactions, by considering how urban environments may disrupt top-down and bottom-up ecological processes that affect herbivory. Abiotic changes in the urban environment, such as the urban heat island effect, have caused shifts in phenology for some herbivorous arthropods. Other abiotic changes in urban areas, including water availability, pollution, and habitat fragmentation, have resulted in changes to physiology, behavior, and population abundance. Native species richness tends to decline in urban areas; however, changes in abundance appear to be species specific. These shifts in ecology suggest that urbanization could affect both adaptive and non-adaptive evolution of herbivorous arthropods and their host plants in urban environments. However, plant-herbivore interactions may be dramatically altered if either arthropods or plants are unable to tolerate urban environments. Thus, while some species can physiologically acclimate or genetically adapt to the abiotic urban environment, many species are expected to decline in abundance. We conclude with suggestions for future research to advance our understanding of how urbanization alters the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions.

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Evidence for human-mediated range expansion and gene flow in an invasive grass

Cited by 25 publications

References 71 publications

Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity

Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity

A roadmap for urban evolutionary ecology

Urbanization Shapes the Ecology and Evolution of Plant-Arthropod Herbivore Interactions

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